Abstract
We developed a simple method to achieve semiquantitative detection of an amphiphilic biosample through measuring the length of flow on a microfluidic analytical device (μPAD) based on paper. When an amphiphilic sample was dripped into a straight microchannel defined with a printed wax barrier (hydrophobic) on filter paper (hydrophilic), the length of flow was affected by the reciprocal effect between the sample, the filter-paper channel and the wax barrier. The flow length decreased with increasing concentration of an amphiphilic sample because of adsorption of the sample on the hydrophobic barrier. Measurement of the flow length enabled a determination of the concentration of the amphiphilic sample. The several tested samples included surfactants (Tween 20 and Triton X-100), oligonucleotides (DNA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), human albumin, nitrite, glucose and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The results show that the measurement of the flow length determined directly the concentration of an amphiphilic sample, whereas a non-amphiphilic sample was not amenable to this method. The proposed method features the advantages of small cost, simplicity, convenience, directness, rapidity (<5 min) and requirement of only a small volume (5 μL) of sample, with prospective applications in developing areas and sites near patients for testing at a point of care (POCT).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. Abe, K. Suzuki, D. Citterio, Anal. Chem. 80, 6928 (2008)
K. Abe, K. Kotera, K. Suzuki, D. Citterio, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 398, 885 (2010)
D.A. Bruzewicz, M. Reches, G.M. Whitesides, Anal. Chem. 80, 3387 (2008)
E. Carrilho, A.W. Martinez, G.M. Whitesides, Anal. Chem. 81, 7091 (2009)
D.M. Cate, W. Dungchai, J.C. Cunningham, J. Volckens, C.S. Henry, Lab Chip 13, 2397 (2013)
Y.T. Chen, Y.C. Liu, W.F. Fang, C.J. Huang, S.K. Fan, W.J. Chen, W.T. Chang, C.H. Huang, J.T. Yang, Biosens. Bioelectron. 50, 8 (2013)
S.S. Chen, C.W. Hu, I.F. Yu, Y.C. Liao, J.T. Yang, Lab Chip 14, 2124 (2014)
G. Chitnis, Z. Ding, C.L. Chang, C.A. Savran, B. Ziaie, Lab Chip 11, 1161 (2011)
W. Dungchai, O. Chailapakul, C.S. Henry, Anal. Chem. 81, 5821 (2009)
W. Dungchai, O. Chailapakul, C.S. Henry, Anal. Chim. Acta 674, 227 (2010)
N. Ealth, Third report of the expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (ATP III final report). national heart, lung and blood institute (NHLBI) (National Institutes of Health, Maryland, 2002)
E. Evans, E.F.M. Gabriel, W.K.T. Coltro, C.D. Garcia, Analyst 139, 2127 (2014)
W.F. Fang, S.C. Ting, C.W. Hsu, Y.T. Chen, J.T. Yang, Lab Chip 12, 923 (2012)
E. Fu, B. Lutz, P. Kauffman, P. Yager, Lab Chip 10, 918 (2010)
S.A. Klasner, A.K. Price, K.W. Hoeman, R.S. Wilson, K.J. Bell, C.T. Culbertson, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 397, 1821 (2010)
X. Li, J. Tian, T. Nguyen, W. Shen, Anal. Chem. 80, 9131 (2008)
X. Li, J. Tian, G. Garnier, W. Shen, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces 76, 564 (2010)
X. Li, D.R. Ballerini, W. Shen, Biomicrofluidics 6, 011301 (2012)
A.W. Martinez, S.T. Phillips, M.J. Butte, G.M. Whitesides, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 1318 (2007)
A.W. Martinez, S.T. Phillips, G.M. Whitesides, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105, 19606 (2008)
A.W. Martinez, S.T. Phillips, Z. Nie, C.M. Cheng, E. Carrilho, B.J. Wiley, G.M. Whitesides, Lab Chip 10, 2499 (2010)
Z. Nie, F. Deiss, X. Liu, O. Akbulut, G.M. Whitesides, Lab Chip 10, 3163 (2010)
A. Nilghaz, D.R. Ballerini, X.Y. Fang, W. Shen, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 191, 586 (2014)
W. Wang, W.Y. Wu, J.J. Zhu, J. Chromatogr. A 1217, 3896 (2010)
Acknowledgments
National Science Council of the Republic of China partially supported this work under contracts NSC 102-2221-E-002-080 and NSC 102-2120-M-002-002.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, YT., Yang, JT. Detection of an amphiphilic biosample in a paper microchannel based on length. Biomed Microdevices 17, 52 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9954-9
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9954-9