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Diversity patterns in sandy forest-steppes: a comparative study from the western and central Palaearctic

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Abstract

The Palearctic forest-steppe biome is a narrow vegetation zone between the temperate forest and steppe biomes, which provides important habitats for many endangered species and represents an important hotspot of biodiversity. Although the number of studies on forest–grassland mosaics is increasing, information currently available about the general compositional and structural patterns of Eurasian forest-steppes is scarce. Our study aimed to compare the habitat structure, species composition and diversity patterns of two distant sandy forest-steppes of Eurasia. We compared 72 relevés made in the main habitat components (forest, forest edge and grassland) of sandy forest-steppes in three Hungarian and three Kazakh sites. The size of the plots was 25 m2. Species number, Shannon diversity and species evenness values were calculated for each plot. Fidelity calculations and linear mixed effects models were used for the analyses. We found that the vegetation and diversity patterns of the two forest-steppes are similar and their components play important roles in maintaining landscape-scale diversity. Despite the higher species richness in Hungary, Shannon diversity was higher in Kazakhstan. The deciduous forest edges of both areas had significantly higher species richness than the neighbouring habitats (forests and grasslands); therefore they can be considered local biodiversity hotspots. Due to the special characteristics of this vegetation complex, we emphasize the high conservation value of all landscape components as a coherent system throughout the entire range of the Eurasian forest-steppe biome.

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Acknowledgements

The supports of the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (AK: OTKA PD 116200; BD: OTKA PD 115627; LE: OTKA PD 116114; OV: OTKA PD111807 and NKFI FK 124404; ZB: NKFI K 124796) are gratefully acknowledged. AK was funded by the MTA’s Post-Doctoral Research Program; BD and OV were funded by the Bolyai János Fellowship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, LE’s and OV’s work was supported by the National Youth Excellence Scholarship (NTP-NFTÖ-16-0623, NTP-NTFÖ-16-0107). BD and OV were supported by the ÚNKP-17-4-III-DE-160 and ÚNKP-17-4-III-DE-151 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities. We express our gratitude to the Kostanay State Pedagogical Institute and the Science-Research Centre of the Problems of Ecology and Biology of KSPI for their support during the period of research in Kazakhstan. We would like to thank Zsolt Pénzes for his help in statistical analysis. Thanks to Karsten Wesche and an anonymous reviewer for their perceptive and helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary

    Zoltán Bátori, Róbert Gallé, Péter János Kiss & Csaba Tölgyesi

  2. Institute of Ecology and Botany, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Alkotmány út 2-4, Vácrátót, 2163, Hungary

    László Erdős & György Kröel-Dulay

  3. Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary

    András Kelemen

  4. MTA’s Post Doctoral Research Program, MTA TKI, Nádor utca 7, Budapest, 1051, Hungary

    András Kelemen

  5. MTA-DE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary

    Balázs Deák & Orsolya Valkó

  6. Kostanay State Pedagogical Institute, Tauelsizdik Street 118, Kostanay, Kazakhstan

    Tatyana M. Bragina

  7. FSBSI AzNIIRKH, Beregovaya Street, 21 V, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

    Tatyana M. Bragina

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  1. Zoltán Bátori
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  2. László Erdős
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  3. András Kelemen
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Correspondence to Zoltán Bátori.

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Bátori, Z., Erdős, L., Kelemen, A. et al. Diversity patterns in sandy forest-steppes: a comparative study from the western and central Palaearctic. Biodivers Conserv 27, 1011–1030 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1477-7

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