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Biogeography of wild Arachis (Leguminosae):distribution and environmental characterisation

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Abstract

Geographic Information System (GIS) tools are applied to a comprehensive database of 3514 records of wild Arachis species to assist in the conservation and utilisation of the species by: (a) determining the distributional range of species and their abundance; (b) characterising species environments; (c) determining the geographical distribution of species richness; and (d) determining the extent to which species are associated with river basins. Distributional ranges, climatic variables and indices of endemism for each species are tabulated. A. duranensis Krapov. & W.C. Gregory, the most probable donor of the A genome to the cultivated peanut, is distributed in close proximity to both the proposed donor of the B genome, A. ipaënsis, and the closest wild relative of the cultigen, A. monticola Krapov. & Rigoni. This region in the eastern foothills of the Andes and the adjoining chaco regions of Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay, is a key area for further exploration for wild Arachis. An area of particularly high species richness occurs in the State of Mato Grosso, close to the Gran Pantanal in southwest Brazil. Seventy-one percent of the species were found to have some degree of association with water catchment areas, although in most cases it was difficult to determine whether this was due to climatic adaptation reasons, restricted dispersal due to geocarpic habit, or the role of watercourses as a principal dispersal agent. In only two cases could climatic adaptation be eliminated as the reason for species distribution.

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Author notes

  1. Morag E. Ferguson

    Present address: c/o ILRI, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture(IITA), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi

  2. Paula J. Bramel

    Present address: c/o Dr. John Peacock, KISR, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait

Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502324, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Morag E. Ferguson & Paula J. Bramel

  2. Regional Office for the Americas, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Cali, Colombia

    Andrew Jarvis, David E. Williams & Luigi Guarino

  3. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA

    H. Tom Stalker

  4. Centro Nacional de Recusos Geneticos EMBRAPA, Brazil

    Jose F.M. Valls

  5. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Griffin, GA, USA

    Roy N. Pittman

  6. Texas Agric. Exp. Station, Texas (A & M) University, Stephenville, TX, USA

    Charles E. Simpson

Authors
  1. Morag E. Ferguson
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  2. Andrew Jarvis
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  8. Charles E. Simpson
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  9. Paula J. Bramel
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Correspondence to Morag E. Ferguson.

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Ferguson, M., Jarvis, A., Stalker, H. et al. Biogeography of wild Arachis (Leguminosae):distribution and environmental characterisation. Biodivers Conserv 14, 1777–1798 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-0699-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-0699-7

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