Correction to: Archives of Sexual Behavior https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-022-02401-9


Copy-pasting errors (Table 1 and Table 5)


Due to a copy-pasting error, part of the responses in Table 1 is incorrectly labeled. As noted above, the Frequencies labeled as “Yes” should be labeled “No” and vice-versa. Otherwise, the numbers in the table are correct, and we used the correct data to describe our findings—we just switched the labeling when preparing the final table.

We also noticed a copy-pasting error in reliability estimates in Table 5. Here, the reliability estimates reported for Sensation seeking belong to Quality of family environment (i.e., the statistics should be shifted one line down). The correct reliability estimates for both variables (i.e., sensation seeking, quality of family environment) are indicated in the tables below. Importantly, all the correct reliabilities are satisfactory, and no measure has lower reliability than what was reported in the article and reviewed by reviewers (in fact, the reliabilities are better than what we reported originally).


Pooling errors—standard deviations (Table 2 and Table 5)


We manually pooled SDs in this table by averaging SDs across imputations in MS Excel. By mistake, we also included the SDs from the original (unimputed) data in this calculation. In other words, the pooled SDs should have been an average across the 20 imputations, but in the current state, they are an average across 21 datasets (the 20 imputations plus the original unimputed data).

In most cases, the difference between the correct value and the reported value of SD is negligible—on the order of the third decimal place. Thus, most values are exactly the same after rounding to two decimal places. There are several exceptions where the SDs change on the second decimal place—these are indicated in the tables below.

The variable Parental Restrictions (Table 2) is a special case. Here, the SD values computed from the original unimputed data were incorrect. Due to not declaring missing values as “missing” when calculating the final score from responses to the three indicator items (and thus, counting the value of − 99 to − 97 as valid), the SDs of Parental Restrictions in the original dataset are much larger than they should be. Consequently, the pooled SDs reported in the article are also too large. This is only because of the error in the manual computation of pooled SDs and does not affect other parts of the analysis, i.e., the means, regressions, and frequencies and reliabilities (except those mentioned above) remain the same. Reported and corrected pooled SDs for Parental restrictions are indicated in the tables below.


Discussion

The first sentence of the Discussion mentions the wrong percentages:

Exposure to sexually explicit materials in our study varied from 25 to 58%, and on average, 40% of adolescents reported that they had seen some sexually explicit materials in the past year, online or offline.


The reported percentages cite values from an old version of Table 1. In the old version, the percentages in the line labeled “Yes” and “No” are overall percentages (i.e., out of all adolescents, including those with missing values). In revisions, we changed the logic of Table 1 so that the lines show valid percentages (i.e., out of adolescents who provided a valid response, not missing). We forgot to update these percentages in the text. This is the sentence with correct percentages (please note that while the specific percentage differs, the overall finding and its meaning remain the same):

Exposure to sexually explicit materials in our study varied from 32 to 65%, and on average, 48% of adolescents reported that they had seen some sexually explicit materials in the past year, online or offline.

In article (incorrect version):

Table 1 Sexually explicit material exposure: Frequencies by country

SEM exposure

Czechia

Finland

Malta

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Serbia

Spain

Switzerland

Total

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

Valid responses

1805

83.1

589

77.9

772

80.0

592

76.4

1187

83.8

471

78.8

704

89.3

2071

92.4

629

91.3

8820

84.8

 Yes

792

43.9

320

54.3

442

57.3

400

67.6

752

63.4

267

56.7

244

34.7

1108

53.5

296

47.1

4621

52.4

 No

1013

56.1

269

45.7

330

42.7

192

32.4

435

36.6

204

43.3

460

65.3

963

46.5

333

52.9

4199

47.6

Missing values

368

16.9

167

22.1

193

20.0

183

23.6

229

16.2

127

21.2

84

10.7

170

7.6

60

8.7

1581

15.2

 Missing value

0

0.0

0

0.0

32

16.6

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

19

22.6

100

58.8

8

13.3

159

10.1

 I don't know

187

50.8

106

63.5

80

41.5

104

56.8

111

48.5

53

41.7

34

40.5

70

41.2

24

40.0

769

48.6

 Prefer not to say

181

49.2

61

36.5

81

42.0

79

43.2

118

51.5

74

58.3

31

36.9

0

0.0

28

46.7

653

41.3

Total

2173

 

756

 

965

 

775

 

1416

 

598

 

788

 

2241

 

689

 

10401

 
  1. Percentages in bold represent proportion of total, percentages in regular represent proportion of category (valid/missing)

Corrected:

Table 1 Sexually explicit material exposure: Frequencies by country

SEM exposure

Czechia

Finland

Malta

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Serbia

Spain

Switzerland

Total

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

Valid responses

1805

83.1

589

77.9

772

80.0

592

76.4

1187

83.8

471

78.8

704

89.3

2071

92.4

629

91.3

8820

84.8

 No

792

43.9

320

54.3

442

57.3

400

67.6

752

63.4

267

56.7

244

34.7

1108

53.5

296

47.1

4621

52.4

 Yes

1013

56.1

269

45.7

330

42.7

192

32.4

435

36.6

204

43.3

460

65.3

963

46.5

333

52.9

4199

47.6

Missing values

368

16.9

167

22.1

193

20.0

183

23.6

229

16.2

127

21.2

84

10.7

170

7.6

60

8.7

1581

15.2

 Missing value

0

0.0

0

0.0

32

16.6

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

19

22.6

100

58.8

8

13.3

159

10.1

 I don't know

187

50.8

106

63.5

80

41.5

104

56.8

111

48.5

53

41.7

34

40.5

70

41.2

24

40.0

769

48.6

 Prefer not to say

181

49.2

61

36.5

81

42.0

79

43.2

118

51.5

74

58.3

31

36.9

0

0.0

28

46.7

653

41.3

Total

2173

 

756

 

965

 

775

 

1416

 

598

 

788

 

2241

 

689

 

10401

 
  1. Percentages in bold represent proportion of total, percentages in regular represent proportion of category (valid/missing)

In article (incorrect version):

Table 2 Descriptive statistics and reliability estimates of predictors and characteristics of the final sample (N = 8820)

Variables

Range

Czechia

Finland

Malta

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Serbia

Spain

Switzerland

N

 

1805

589

772

592

1187

471

704

2071

629

Gender [% male]

 

49.2

47.9

37.3

46.8

47.3

50.0

44.9

51.7

50.1

Descriptives [ M ( SD )]

 Age

11–16

13.61 (1.72)

14.02 (1.62)

13.07 (1.51)

13.03 (1.66)

13.34 (1.59)

13.35 (1.76)

13.76 (1.73)

13.06 (1.44)

13.27 (1.41)

 Time spent online

1–9

5.04 (2.26)

5.73 (1.86)

5.16 (2.15)

4.68 (2.19)

4.81 (2.25)

4.80 (2.46)

5.50 (2.22)

4.68 (2.30)

4.16 (1.89)

 Emotional Symptoms

1–4

1.98 (0.73)

1.84 (0.86)

2.15 (0.85)

1.84 (0.77)

1.89 (0.73)

2.02 (0.83)

1.80 (0.74)

2.07 (0.74)

1.74 (0.68)

 Sensation seeking

1–4

1.76 (0.81)

1.75 (0.91)

1.78 (0.88)

1.59 (0.80)

1.53 (0.79)

1.68 (0.82)

1.69 (0.88)

1.62 (0.83)

1.59 (0.72)

 Quality of family environment

1–4

3.27 (0.65)

3.44 (0.73)

3.48 (0.71)

3.41 (0.80)

3.41 (0.63)

3.30 (0.85)

3.53 (0.59)

3.47 (0.69)

3.45 (0.65)

 Active parental mediation

1–5

2.40 (0.91)

2.53 (1.04)

3.09 (1.07)

2.58 (1.11)

2.89 (1.00)

2.90 (1.12)

3.06 (1.03)

2.73 (1.07)

2.38 (0.97)

 Parental restrictions

0–3

0.45 (5.47)

0.57 (6.47)

0.76 (6.53)

0.79 (6.26)

0.75 (4.36)

0.83 (5.09)

0.53 (4.30)

1.08 (5.72)

0.98 (5.92)

Reliability a

 Emotional Symptoms

 

.80

.86

.81

.81

.77

.82

.76

.71

.78

 Sensation seeking

 

.85

.91

.83

.85

.82

.85

.88

.87

.81

 Quality of family environment

 

.68

.81

.82

.83

.74

.85

.72

.75

.77

 Active parental mediation

 

.67

.83

.77

.76

.72

.76

.68

.71

.70

 Restrictive Parental mediation

 

.72

.66

.75

.77

.67

.80

.73

.70

.68

  1. aSpearman–Brown’s rho for Sensation seeking; Cronbach’s alpha for other scales

Corrected:

Table 2 Descriptive statistics and reliability estimates of predictors and characteristics of the final sample (N = 8820)

Variables

Range

Czechia

Finland

Malta

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Serbia

Spain

Switzerland

N

 

1805

589

772

592

1187

471

704

2071

629

Gender [% male]

 

49.2

47.9

37.3

46.8

47.3

50.0

44.9

51.7

50.1

Descriptives [M (SD)]

 Age

11–16

13.61 (1.72)

14.02 (1.62)

13.07 (1.51)

13.03 (1.66)

13.34 (1.59)

13.35 (1.76)

13.76 (1.73)

13.06 (1.44)

13.27 (1.41)

 Time spent online

1–9

5.04 (2.26)

5.73 (1.86)

5.16 (2.15)

4.68 (2.19)

4.81 (2.26)

4.80 (2.46)

5.50 (2.22)

4.68 (2.30)

4.16 (1.89)

 Emotional symptoms

1–4

1.98 (0.73)

1.84 (0.86)

2.15 (0.84)

1.84 (0.77)

1.89 (0.73)

2.02 (0.83)

1.80 (0.74)

2.07 (0.73)

1.74 (0.68)

 Sensation seeking

1–4

1.76 (0.81)

1.75 (0.91)

1.78 (0.88)

1.59 (0.80)

1.53 (0.79)

1.68 (0.82)

1.69 (0.88)

1.62 (0.83)

1.59 (0.72)

 Quality of family environment

1–4

3.27 (0.65)

3.44 (0.72)

3.48 (0.71)

3.41 (0.80)

3.41 (0.63)

3.30 (0.85)

3.53 (0.59)

3.47 (0.69)

3.45 (0.65)

 Active parental mediation

1-5

2.40 (0.91)

2.53 (1.04)

3.09 (1.07)

2.58 (1.11)

2.89 (1.00)

2.90 (1.12)

3.06 (1.03)

2.73 (1.07)

2.38 (0.97)

 Parental restrictions

0-3

0.45 (0.85)

0.57 (0.89)

0.76 (1.06)

0.79 (1.09)

0.75 (1.00)

0.83 (1.13)

0.53 (0.91)

1.08 (1.12)

0.98 (1.09)

Reliabilitya

 Emotional symptoms

 

.80

.86

.81

.81

.77

.82

.76

.71

.78

 Sensation seeking

 

.85

.91

.83

.85

.82

.85

.88

.87

.81

 Quality of family environment

 

.68

.81

.82

.83

.74

.85

.72

.75

.77

 Active parental mediation

 

.67

.83

.77

.76

.72

.76

.68

.71

.70

 Restrictive parental mediation

 

.72

.66

.75

.77

.67

.80

.73

.70

.68

  1. aSpearman–Brown’s rho for Sensation seeking; Cronbach’s alpha for other scales

In article (incorrect version):

Table 5 Descriptive statistics and reliability of predictors and characteristics of the sub-sample of adolescents who reported feelings after exposure to sexually explicit materials (N = 3364)

Variables

Range

Czechia

Finland

Malta

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Serbia

Spain

Switzerland

N

 

790

222

225

132

334

177

386

839

259

Gender [% male]

 

53.4

47.6

41.3

55.3

59.0

60.2

51.0

59.1

52.5

Descriptives [ M ( SD )]

 Age

11–16

14.18 (1.60)

14.67 (1.30)

13.6 (1.61)

14.09 (1.67)

14.16 (1.40)

13.95 (1.67)

14.34 (1.49)

13.74 (1.36)

13.88 (1.19)

 Time spent online

1–9

5.64 (2.16)

6.16 (1.67)

5.54 (1.96)

5.56 (2.21)

5.36 (2.09)

5.25 (2.29)

6.02 (2.02)

5.37 (2.19)

4.73 (1.71)

 Emotional symptoms

1–4

2.12 (0.74)

2.11 (0.91)

2.30 (0.88)

2.08 (0.87)

1.98 (0.74)

2.15 (0.82)

1.86 (0.77)

2.25 (0.75)

1.88 (0.70)

 Sensation seeking

1–4

2.00 (0.85)

2.09 (0.95)

2.04 (0.92)

1.98 (0.93)

1.88 (0.89)

1.96 (0.87)

1.87 (0.92)

1.92 (0.92)

1.76 (0.72)

 Quality of family environment

1–4

3.22 (0.66)

3.38 (0.77)

3.36 (0.74)

3.24 (0.85)

3.39 (0.60)

3.31 (0.83)

3.51 (0.59)

3.37 (0.72)

3.39 (0.67)

Reliability a

 Emotional symptoms

 

.78

.86

.83

.83

.78

.82

.79

.71

.78

 Sensation seeking

 

.70

.85

.80

.82

.72

.85

.70

.76

.79

 Quality of family environment

 

.70

.82

.78

.62

.73

.77

.66

.71

.68

  1. aSpearman–Brown’s rho for Sensation seeking; Cronbach’s alpha for other scales

Corrected:

Table 5 Descriptive statistics and reliability of predictors and characteristics of the sub-sample of adolescents who reported feelings after exposure to sexually explicit materials (N = 3364)

Variables

Range

Czechia

Finland

Malta

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Serbia

Spain

Switzerland

N

 

790

222

225

132

334

177

386

839

259

Gender [% male]

 

53.4

47.6

41.3

55.3

59.0

60.2

51.0

59.1

52.5

Descriptives [M (SD)]

 Age

11–16

14.18 (1.60)

14.67 (1.30)

13.6 (1.61)

14.09 (1.67)

14.16 (1.40)

13.95 (1.67)

14.34 (1.49)

13.74 (1.36)

13.88 (1.19)

 Time spent online

1–9

5.64 (2.16)

6.16 (1.67)

5.54 (1.96)

5.56 (2.21)

5.36 (2.09)

5.25 (2.29)

6.02 (2.02)

5.37 (2.19)

4.73 (1.71)

 Emotional symptoms

1–4

2.12 (0.74)

2.11 (0.91)

2.30 (0.88)

2.08 (0.87)

1.98 (0.74)

2.15 (0.82)

1.86 (0.77)

2.25 (0.75)

1.88 (0.70)

 Sensation seeking

1–4

2.00 (0.85)

2.09 (0.95)

2.04 (0.92)

1.98 (0.93)

1.88 (0.89)

1.96 (0.87)

1.87 (0.92)

1.92 (0.92)

1.76 (0.72)

 Quality of family environment

1–4

3.22 (0.66)

3.38 (0.76)

3.36 (0.74)

3.24 (0.85)

3.39 (0.60)

3.31 (0.83)

3.51 (0.59)

3.37 (0.72)

3.39 (0.67)

Reliabilitya

 Emotional symptoms

 

.78

.86

.83

.83

.78

.82

.79

.71

.78

 Sensation seeking

 

.85

.90

.86

.88

.80

.85

.88

.88

.78

 Quality of family environment

 

.70

.85

.80

.82

.72

.85

.70

.76

.79

  1. aSpearman–Brown’s rho for Sensation seeking; Cronbach’s alpha for other scales