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Effect of temperature on development and reproduction of the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Tetranychiae), fed on cassava leaves

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Abstract

The effect of five constant temperatures (16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 °C) on the development, survival and reproduction of Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) [= Tetranychus urticae Koch (red form)] fed on cassava leaves was examined in the laboratory at 85% relative humidity. Development time of various immature stages decreased with increasing temperature, with total egg-to-adult development time varying from 27.7 to 6.7 days. The lower thermal threshold for development was 10.8 °C and the thermal constant from egg to adult was 142.4 degree-days. Pre- and post-oviposition period and female longevity all decreased as temperature increased. The longest oviposition period was observed at 20 °C with 20.4 days. Under different temperatures, mated females laid, on average, 1.0, 2.9, 4.7, 4.7 and 4.9 eggs per day, respectively. The maximum fecundity (81.5 eggs per female) was at 28 °C and the intrinsic rate of increase (r m ) was highest (0.25) at 32 °C. The results of this study indicate that T. cinnabarinus population could increase rapidly when cassava leaves serve as a food source. At the appropriate temperature T. cinnabarinus could seriously threaten growth of cassava.

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Acknowledgements

The research was funded by the National Foundation of Nature Science of Jiangxi Province (Grant Nos. 20151BAB204016, 20161BBF60066, 20161ACB20003 and 20172BCB22004), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 31460553 and 31760621) and Foundation from the Administration of Science and Technology in Nanchang City (Grant No. 2013HZCG008), Fund from Education Department of Jiangxi Province (Grant No. KJLD14014). We would like to thank Douglas S. Richmond (Purdue University, USA) for his support and comments on our writing.

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  1. School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Zhiwen Zou, Jianfei Xi, Ge Liu, Shuxian Song, Tianrong Xin & Bin Xia

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  1. Zhiwen Zou
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  2. Jianfei Xi
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  3. Ge Liu
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Correspondence to Bin Xia.

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10493_2018_241_MOESM1_ESM.jpg

Figure S1 The relationship between temperatures and development periods of Tetranychus cinnabarinus (A) egg; (B)larva; (C) protonymph; (D) deutonymph; (E) immature; (F) preoviposition; (G) oviposition; (H) post-oviposition; (I) longevity. (JPEG 431 kb)

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Zou, Z., Xi, J., Liu, G. et al. Effect of temperature on development and reproduction of the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Tetranychiae), fed on cassava leaves. Exp Appl Acarol 74, 383–394 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-018-0241-3

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