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Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of three agroindustrial residues as animal feeds

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Abstract

Currently, different countries’ policies prohibit the use of synthetic antibiotics in animal production. As a consequence, researchers have been looking for sources of these molecules in plants, vegetables, and agro-industrial waste in order to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Listeria and control livestock health. Hydro-alcoholic extracts of the leaves of three different plants- Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Hass variety, guava (Psidium guajava L.) Calvillo variety, and cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh) Pissardii variety, at three different ethanol:water ratios (20:80, 50:50, and 80:20 volume/volume) were analyzed. Total phenols in the extracts were quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteu Method and the inhibitory spectrum test against Gram+: Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 662, Enterococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Gram−: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica serotipo Enteriditis ATCC 13076, Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas sp. using the agar well-diffusion method. The highest phenol content and antioxidant capacity were found in the guava leaf extract at 50:50 (111.7 ± 8.8 EAG mg/mL dry matter, 450 ± 3 μM TE/g dry matter), and this was the only extract that showed total inhibitory spectrum activity for all the microorganisms evaluated among the extracts tested, with a range of 0.62–1.25 mg/mL minimal inhibitory capacity (MIC). A hydroalcoholic extract of guava leaves had strong antimicrobial activity against different pathogenic microorganisms and could be considered as a potential alternative to synthetic antibiotics for use in animal production.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) for providing a scholarship to the main author. Thanks to the Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas at the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Estado de México, México for Access to laboratories to carry out the study and to the Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos (UNIDA) of the Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Veracruz, México for access to the microbial strains and microbiology laboratory.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico

    Enrique D. Archundia Velarde

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico

    Dora L. Pinzón Martínez & María D. Mariezcurrena Berasain

  3. Facultad de Medicina y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico

    Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem

  4. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico

    Patricia G. Mendoza García

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  1. Enrique D. Archundia Velarde
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  2. Dora L. Pinzón Martínez
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  3. Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem
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  4. Patricia G. Mendoza García
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  5. María D. Mariezcurrena Berasain
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Correspondence to María D. Mariezcurrena Berasain.

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Archundia Velarde, E.D., Pinzón Martínez, D.L., Salem, A.Z.M. et al. Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of three agroindustrial residues as animal feeds. Agroforest Syst 94, 1393–1402 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-00343-7

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