Abstract
The article deals with the numerical simulation of unsteady flows through the turbine part of the turbocharger. The main focus of the article is the extension of the in-house CFD finite volume solver for the case of unsteady flows in radial turbines and the coupling to an external zero-dimensional model of the inlet and outlet parts. In the second part, brief description of a simplified one-dimensional model of the turbine is given. The final part presents a comparison of the results of numerical simulations using both the 3D CFD method and the 1D simplified model with the experimental data. The comparison shows that the properly calibrated 1D model gives accurate predictions of mass flow rate and turbine performance at much less computational time than the full 3D CFD method. On the other hand, the more expensive 3D CFD method does not need any specific calibration and allows detailed inspections of the flow fields.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baines, N.C.: Turbocharger turbine pulse flow performance and modelling 25 years on. In: 9th International Conference on Turbochargers and Turbocharging, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, London, pp 347–362 (2010)
Barth, T., Jespersen, D.: The design and application of upwind schemes on unstructured meshes. In: 27th Aerospace Sciences Meeting American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, Virigina. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-366(1989)
Blockwitz, T., Otter, M., Akesson, J., Arnold, M., Clauss, C., Elmqvist, H., Friedrich, M., Junghanns, A., Mauss, J., Neumerkel, D., Olsson, H., Viel, A.: Functional Mockup Interface 2.0: the standard for tool independent exchange of simulation models, 173–184. https://doi.org/10.3384/ecp12076173 (2012)
Borisov, V.E., Davydov, A.A., Kudryashov, I.Y., Lutsky, A.E., Men’shov, I.S.: Parallel implementation of an implicit scheme based on the LU-SGS method for 3D turbulent flows. Math. Models Comput. Simul. 7(3), 222–232 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070048215030035
De Bellis, V., Bozza, F., Schernus, C., Uhlmann, T.: Advanced numerical and experimental techniques for the extension of a turbine mapping. SAE Int. J. Eng. 6(3), 2013–24–0119 (2013). https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-24-0119
De Bellis, V., Marelli, S., Bozza, F., Capobianco, M.: 1D simulation and experimental analysis of a turbocharger turbine for automotive engines under steady and unsteady flow conditions. Energy Procedia 45, 909–918 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.096
Ding, Z., Zhuge, W., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., Martinez-Botas, R., Yang, M.: A one-dimensional unsteady performance model for turbocharger turbines. Energy 132, 341–355 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.154
Dixon, S.L., Hall, C.: Fluid mechanics and thermodynamics of turbomachinery, 7th. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2013)
Escue, A., Cui, J.: Comparison of turbulence models in simulating swirling pipe flows. Appl. Math. Model. 34(10), 2840–2849 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2009.12.018
Farrell, P., Maddison, J.: Conservative interpolation between volume meshes by local Galerkin projection. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 200(1-4), 89–100 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2010.07.015
Fritzson, P.: Introduction to modeling and simulation of technical and physical systems with Modelica. Wiley-IEEE Press, New Jersey (2011)
Fürst, J.: CFD analysis of a twin scroll radial turbine. EPJ Web of Conferences 180, 02,028 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002028
Fürst, J.: Development of a coupled matrix-free LU-SGS solver for turbulent compressible flows. Comput. Fluids 172, 332–339 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2018.04.020
Hajilouy-Benisi, A., Rad, M., Shahhosseini, M.R.: Flow and performance characteristics of twin-entry radial turbine under full and extreme partial admission conditions. Arch. Appl. Mech. 79(12), 1127–1143 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-008-0295-5
Kalitzin, G., Medic, G., Iaccarino, G., Durbin, P.: Near-wall behavior of RANS turbulence models and implications for wall functions. J. Comput. Phys. 204 (1), 265–291 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2004.10.018
Macek, J., Vítek, O., žák, Z.: Calibration and results of a radial turbine 1-D model with distributed parameters. In: SAE 2011 world congress & exhibition, SAE international. https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-1146, p 24 (2011)
Macek, J., žák, Z., Vítek, O.: Physical model of a twin-scroll turbine with unsteady flow. In: SAE 2015 world congress & exhibition, SAE international. https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1718, p 14 (2015)
Mathworks: Simulink: Dynamic Simulation for Matlab (2011)
Menter, F.R., Kuntz, M., Langtry, R.: Ten years of industrial experience with the SST turbulence model. Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer 4, 4:625–632 (2003)
Palfreyman, D., Martinez-Botas, R.F.: The pulsating flow field in a mixed flow turbocharger turbine: an experimental and computational study. J. Turbomach. 127(1), 144 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1812322
Sarshar, A., Tranquilli, P., Pickering, B., McCall, A., Roy, C.J., Sandu, A.: A numerical investigation of matrix-free implicit time-stepping methods for large CFD simulations. Comput. Fluids 159, 53–63 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2017.09.014
Toro, E.F.: The HLL and HLLC Riemann solvers. In: Riemann solvers and numerical methods for fluid dynamics. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03490-3_10, pp 293–311. Springer, Berlin (1997)
Weller, H.G., Tabor, G., Jasak, H., Fureby, C.: A tensorial approach to computational continuum mechanics using object-oriented techniques. Comput. Phys. 12(6), 620 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.168744
žák, Z., Macek, J., Hatschbach, P.: Evaluation of experiments on a twin scroll turbocharger turbine for calibration of a complex 1-D model. J. Middle European Construction Design Cars 14(3), 11–18 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1515/mecdc-2016-0010
Acknowledgements
Access to computing and storage facilities owned by parties and projects contributing to the National Grid Infrastructure MetaCentrum provided under the programme “Projects of Large Research, Development, and Innovations Infrastructures” (CESNET LM2015042) is greatly appreciated.
Funding
The authors acknowledge support from the EU Operational Programme Research, Development and Education, and from the Center of Advanced Aerospace Technology (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000826), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by: Pavel Solin
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fürst, J., Žák, Z. Numerical simulation of unsteady flows through a radial turbine. Adv Comput Math 45, 1939–1952 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10444-019-09670-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10444-019-09670-4