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Sinus Hemodynamics Variation with Tilted Transcatheter Aortic Valve Deployments

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Abstract

Leaflet thrombosis is a complication associated with transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) replacement (TAVR) correlated with sinus flow stasis. Sinus hemodynamics are important because they dictate shear stress and washout necessary to avoid stasis on TAV leaflets. Sinus flow is controlled by TAV axial deployment position but little is known regarding TAV axis misalignment effect. This study aims to elucidate TAV angular misalignment with respect to aortic root axis effect on sinus flow stasis potentially leading to leaflet thrombosis. Sinus hemodynamics were assessed in vitro using particle-image velocimetry in three different angular misalignments with respect to aorta axis: untilted, tilted away from the sinus and tilted towards sinus. A 26 mm Edwards SAPIEN3 was implanted in a 3D printed model of an anatomically realistic aortic root. TAV hemodynamics, sinus vortex tracking, leaflet shear stress probability density functions, and sinus blood time to washout were calculated. While pressure gradients differed insignificantly, blood velocity and vorticity decreased significantly in both tilted cases sinuses. Shear stress probability near the leaflet decreases with tilt indicating stasis. TAV tilted away from the sinus is the most unfavorable scenario with poor washout. TAV axial misalignment adds to factors list that could influence leaflet thrombosis risk through modifying sinus hemodynamics and washout.

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Acknowledgments

The research done was partly supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number R01HL119824.

Conflict of interest

Dr. Dasi reports having a patent application filed on novel polymeric valves, vortex generators, and superhydrophobic/superomniphobic heart valves, and Dr. Crestanello reports having grants from Medtronic, Boston Scientific and Abbot in addition to being part of the advisory board for Medtronic. No other conflicts were reported.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 473 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Hoda Hatoum & Lakshmi Prasad Dasi

  2. Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Jennifer Dollery, Juan A. Crestanello & Lakshmi Prasad Dasi

  3. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Scott M. Lilly

Authors
  1. Hoda Hatoum
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  2. Jennifer Dollery
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  4. Juan A. Crestanello
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  5. Lakshmi Prasad Dasi
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Correspondence to Lakshmi Prasad Dasi.

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Associate Editor Umberto Morbiducci oversaw the review of this article.

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Hatoum, H., Dollery, J., Lilly, S.M. et al. Sinus Hemodynamics Variation with Tilted Transcatheter Aortic Valve Deployments. Ann Biomed Eng 47, 75–84 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-02120-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-02120-0

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