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Cardiac- versus diaphragm-based respiratory navigation for proton spectroscopy of the heart

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Abstract

Objectives

To study inter-individual differences of the relation between diaphragm and heart motion, the objective of the present study was to implement respiratory navigation on the heart and compare it against the established method of navigator gating on the diaphragm for single-voxel cardiac 1H-MRS.

Materials and methods

1H-MRS was performed on a 1.5T system in 19 healthy volunteers of mixed age (range 24–75 years). Spectra were recorded in a 6–8 ml voxel in the ventricular septum using a PRESS (point-resolved spectroscopy) sequence and ECG gating. Water-unsuppressed data acquired with pencil beam navigation on the heart were compared to data with navigation on the diaphragm. Water-suppressed data were obtained to assess triglyceride-to-water ratios.

Results

Water phase and amplitude fluctuations for cardiac versus diaphragm navigation did not reveal significant differences. Both navigator positions provided comparable triglyceride-to-water ratios and gating efficiencies (coefficient of variation (CoV) 7.0%). The cardiac navigator showed a good reproducibility (CoV 5.2%).

Discussion

Respiratory navigation on the heart does not convey an advantage over diaphragm-based navigator gating for cardiac 1H-MRS, but also no disadvantage. Consequently, cardiac and diaphragm respiratory navigation may be used interchangeably.

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Funding

DFG Research Fellowship (GA 2621/1-1).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland

    Mareike Gastl, Sophie M. Peereboom, Maximilian Fuetterer, Robert Manka & Sebastian Kozerke

  2. Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Mareike Gastl & Robert Manka

  3. Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Mareike Gastl, Florian Boenner & Malte Kelm

  4. Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Robert Manka

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  1. Mareike Gastl
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  2. Sophie M. Peereboom
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  3. Maximilian Fuetterer
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  4. Florian Boenner
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  5. Malte Kelm
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  7. Sebastian Kozerke
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Contributions

MG: study conception and design/acquisition of data/drafting the manuscript/analysis and interpretation of the data. SP: acquisition of data/critical revision. MF: acquisition of data/critical revision. FB: critical revision. MK: critical revision. RM: critical revision. SK: study conception and design/drafting the manuscript/analysis and interpretation of the data/critical revision.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mareike Gastl.

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Conflict of interest

Dr. Gastl received a Research Fellowship of the German Research Foundation (GA 2621/1-1). The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Gastl, M., Peereboom, S.M., Fuetterer, M. et al. Cardiac- versus diaphragm-based respiratory navigation for proton spectroscopy of the heart. Magn Reson Mater Phy 32, 259–268 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-018-0711-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-018-0711-y

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