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In-vitro-Maturation - „PRO“

In vitro maturation (in favour)

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Gynäkologische Endokrinologie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Der Erkenntnisgewinn in der Reproduktionsmedizin führte in den letzten Jahren zur Entwicklung eines ausgedehnten Spektrums von Maßnahmen der assistierten Reproduktion. Die ovarielle Überstimulation mit Gonadotropinen stellt ein sehr erfolgreiches und standardisiertes Verfahren dar, um eine polyfollikuläre Reaktion zur Gewinnung einer Vielzahl von Eizellen zu induzieren und akzeptable Schwangerschaftsraten zu garantieren. Diese Technik weist jedoch einige Nachteile auf, die zur Suche nach neuen, alternativen Verfahren der assistierten Reproduktion motivieren. Das Konzept der In-vitro-Maturation (IVM) sieht die Gewinnung kumulusumschlossener unreifer Eizellen aus kleinen antralen Follikeln vor, um diese in vitro vom unreifen Germinalvesikelstadium zum fertilisierbaren Metaphase-2-Stadium zu reifen. Heute stellt die IVM ein einfach zu erlernendes und kostengünstiges Verfahren dar. Auch die technischen Rahmenbedingungen wurden erheblich optimiert. Nach bisheriger Datenlage ist dieses Verfahren sicher. Aufgrund der relativ kurzen Entwicklungsdauer kann sich die In-vitro-Maturation mit der IVF/ICSI-Methode noch nicht messen, das Verfahren produziert geringere Schwangerschaftsraten. Dennoch besitzt diese Methode ein großes Entwicklungspotenzial.

Abstract

In the past few years, knowledge acquired in reproductive medicine has led to the development of a wide range of methods of assisted reproduction (ART). Ovarian hyperstimulation using gonadotrophins is a standardized and highly efficient treatment option for inducing polyfollicular development to obtain a large number of oocytes and guarantee acceptable pregnancy rates. However, this technique has various disadvantages, and alternative new methods of assisted reproduction are thus being sought. In vitro maturation (IVM) is designed to aspirate immature cumulus-enclosed oocytes from small antral follicles in order to support their maturation from the germinal vesicle stage to the fertilizable metaphase 2 stage in vitro. IVM is now a simple and cost-saving technique. The technical framework has also been considerably improved. The data obtained to date suggest that IVM is safe. Due to the relatively short time in which IVM has been developed, this technique cannot yet approach the IVF/ICSI method, and it produces fewer pregnancies. However, IVM has great potential for development.

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Correspondence to S. von Otte.

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von Otte, S. In-vitro-Maturation - „PRO“. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 6 (Suppl 1), S11–S15 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-007-0217-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-007-0217-6

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