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Expanding lysine industry: industrial biomanufacturing of lysine and its derivatives

  • Metabolic Engineering and Synthetic Biology - Review
  • Published:
Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology

Abstract

l-Lysine is widely used as a nutrition supplement in feed, food, and beverage industries as well as a chemical intermediate. At present, great efforts are made to further decrease the cost of lysine to make it more competitive in the markets. Furthermore, lysine also shows potential as a feedstock to produce other high-value chemicals for active pharmaceutical ingredients, drugs, or materials. In this review, the current biomanufacturing of lysine is first presented. Second, the production of novel derivatives from lysine is discussed. Some chemicals like l-pipecolic acid, cadaverine, and 5-aminovalerate already have been obtained at a lab scale. Others like 6-aminocaproic acid, valerolactam, and caprolactam could be produced through a biological and chemical coupling pathway or be synthesized by a hypothetical pathway. This review demonstrates an active and expansive lysine industry, and these green biomanufacturing strategies could also be applied to enhance the competitiveness of other amino acid industry.

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Abbreviations

Lys:

Lysine

l-PA:

l-Pipecolic acid

LCD:

Lysine cyclodeaminase

LDC:

l-Lysine decarboxylase

GDH:

Glucose dehydrogenase

LysR:

Lysine racemase

6ACA:

6-Aminocaproic acid

5AVA:

5-Aminovalerate

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21206175 and 315014682), the Industrial Biotechnology Program of Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission (14ZCZDSY00066), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Project No. 106112017CDJXFLX0014), and the Henan Provincial Science and technology Open cooperation projects (162106000014). This work is also partially supported by Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai, China.

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  1. Jie Cheng and Peng Chen contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Process for Clean Energy and Resource Utilization, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China

    Jie Cheng, Peng Chen & Dan Wang

  2. Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, People’s Republic of China

    Jie Cheng & Qinhong Wang

  3. Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Andong Song

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  1. Jie Cheng
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  2. Peng Chen
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  3. Andong Song
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  4. Dan Wang
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  5. Qinhong Wang
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Correspondence to Dan Wang or Qinhong Wang.

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Cheng, J., Chen, P., Song, A. et al. Expanding lysine industry: industrial biomanufacturing of lysine and its derivatives. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 45, 719–734 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-018-2030-8

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