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Bootstrapping trust of Web services based on trust patterns and Hidden Markov Models

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Abstract

We propose in this paper a new approach for bootstrapping trust of Web services in which the interactions of a Web service with a user are observed during a certain time frame. The observations sequence is modeled as a Hidden Markov Model and matched against pre-defined trust patterns in order to assess the behavior of such Web service. The pre-defined trust patterns are specifications of possible behaviors of Web services such as trusted, malicious, betraying, oscillating, and redemptive. Based on the matching result, an initial trust value is assigned to the Web service. Our experimental results show that our approach enjoys good precision and recall values and provides a fair distribution of trust values. Besides, the proposed approach is applied on a dataset of real-world Web services. A comparative study with published bootstrapping approaches shows a better bootstrapping success rate for our new approach.

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Notes

  1. The training and testing sequence sets do not overlap in all the experiments carried out in this research.

  2. The sole exception is the recall measure for the trusted category.

  3. An entropy is considered low if it is smaller than a certain threshold. In this experiment, that threshold is set to 1.

  4. We use the average attribute value as the expected value just for the sake of this experiment. Ideally, the expected value of each attribute is taken from the service level agreement (SLA) of the corresponding service.

  5. We can also involve the values of \(p\) and \(q\) in the complexity analysis in which case the HMM construction will require the order of \(pqKN^4n^2\) computations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Science Department, Kuwait University, 5969, Safat,  13060, State of Kuwait

    Hamdi Yahyaoui

  2. Information and Computer Sciences Department, KFUPM 958, Dhahran,  31261, KSA

    Sami Zhioua

Authors
  1. Hamdi Yahyaoui
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  2. Sami Zhioua
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Correspondence to Hamdi Yahyaoui.

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Yahyaoui, H., Zhioua, S. Bootstrapping trust of Web services based on trust patterns and Hidden Markov Models. Knowl Inf Syst 37, 389–416 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-012-0554-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-012-0554-1

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