Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Q-switched 1064 nm Nd-Yag nanosecond laser effects on skin barrier function and on molecular rejuvenation markers in keratinocyte-fibroblasts interaction

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Lasers in Medical Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Skin represents an interface between internal and external environment; it protects human body by regulating the water loss and the maintenance of body temperature, defending against irritant and pathogen agents, and against physical, chemical, and UV damage. It provides to essential physiological functions, such as the important antioxidant defense capacity; its protective/defensive function is performed by a high number of proteins, and shows important functions in maintenance of skin barrier homeostasis. Keratinocytes and fibroblasts play a pivotal role to determine or prevent skin aging in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli, modulating cytokines and several biochemical factors. Non-ablative technologies are playing an increasing role in the management of skin aging, inducing a dermal remodeling without a visible epidermal damage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Q-switched 1064 Nd-YAG laser (Medlite Conbio C6 Nd-YAG laser, Cynosure USA) in skin barrier function, analyzing the constituents which are strongly altered in aging skin. Particularly, we evaluated the expression of filaggrin, TGase, HSP70, and aquaporins, on HaCaT cells. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines has been investigated too.

As a second step of the study, we analyzed the modulation of the rejuvenation molecular markers on human skin fibroblasts (HDFs) stimulated with keratinocytes conditioned medium (KCM).

Our results demonstrated that Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser acts on the skin barrier function, increasing the expression of aquaporins, filaggrin, TGase, and HSP70, modulating the proinflammatory cytokines. In fibroblasts stimulated with keratinocytes conditioned medium (KCM) and irradiated with Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, we can observe a reduction of MMP-1 and an increase in procollagen, collagen type I, and elastin. Our results highlight that Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment could represent an effective weapon to fight skin aging.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Puizina-Ivić N (2008) Skin aging. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 17(2):47–54

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Lephart ED (2016) Skin aging and oxidative stress: Equol’s anti-aging effects via biochemical and molecular mechanisms. Ageing Res Rev 31:36–54

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Daamen WF, Veerkamp JH, van Hest JC, van Kuppevelt TH (2007) Elastin as a biomaterial for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 28(30):4378–4398 Review

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Debelle L, Alix AJ (1999) The structures of elastins and their function. Biochimie 81(10):981–994

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Helbig D, Paasch U (2011) Molecular changes during skin aging and wound healing after fractional ablative photothermolysis. Skin Res Technol 17(1):119–128

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ogden S, Dearman RJ, Kimber I, Griffiths CE (2011) The effect of ageing on phenotype and function of monocyte-derived Langerhans cells. Br J Dermatol 165(1):184–188

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ye J, Garg A, Calhoun C, Feingold KR, Elias PM, Ghadially R (2002) Alterations in cytokine regulation in aged epidermis: implications for permeability barrier homeostasis and inflammation. I. IL-1 gene family. Exp Dermatol 11(3):209–216

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Rumalla VK, Borah GL (2001) Cytokines, growth factors, and plastic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 108(3):719–733

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gorti GK, Ronson S, Koch RJ (2002) Wound healing. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 10(2):119–127

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Takahashi H, Aoki N, Nakamura S, Asano K, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Iizuka H (2000) Cornified cell envelope formation is distinct from apoptosis in epidermal keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 23:161–169

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ikarashi N, Kon R, Kaneko M, Mizukami N, Kusunoki Y, Sugiyama K (2017) Cornified cell envelope formation is distinct from apoptosis in epidermal keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci;18(7)

  12. Orringer JS, Hammerberg C, Hamilton T, Johnson TM et al (2008) Molecular effects of photodynamic therapy for photoaging. Arch Dermatol 144(10):1296–1302

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Stuzin JM, Baker TJ, Baker TM, Kligman AM (1997) Histologic effects of the high-energy pulsed CO2 laser on photoaged facial skin. Plast Reconstr Surg 99:2036–2050

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Greaves AJ (2016) The effects of narrowbands of visible light upon some skin disorders: a review. Int J Cosmet Sci 38(4):325–345

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Cinceros JL, Del Rio R, Palou J (1998) The Q-switched neodymium (Nd):YAG laser with quadruple frequency. Clinical histological evaluation of facial resurfacing using different wavelength. Dermatol Surg 24:345–352

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jansen PL, Rosch R, Jansen M, Binnebösel M et al (2007) Regulation of MMP-2 gene transcription in dermal wounds. J Invest Dermatol 127(7):1762–1767

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Goldberg DJ, Silapunt S (2001) Histologic evaluation of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in the nonablative treatment of wrinkles. Dermatol Surg 27(8):744–746

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Schmults CD, Phelps R, Goldberg DJ (2004) Nonablative facial remodeling: erythema reduction and histologic evidence of new collagen formation using a 300-microsecond 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser. Arch Dermatol 140(11):1373–1376

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ye X, Wang L, Dang Y, Liu B, Zhao D (2012) Investigation of the 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser on collagen expression in an animal model. Photomed Laser Surg 30(10):604–609

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Gold MH, Seinsing W, Biron J (2014) Fractional Q-switched 1,064-nm laser for the treatment of photoaged-photodamaged skin. Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy 16:69–76

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Mosmann T (1983) Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods 1:55–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Honk LD (2007) Masers to magic bullets: an updated history of lasers in dermatology. Clin Dermatol 25:434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Hara M, Ma T, Verkman AS (2002) Selectively reduced glycerol in skin of aquaporin-3-deficient mice may account for impaired skin hydration, elasticity, and barrier recovery. J Biol Chem 277:4616–4621

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Zeeuwen PL (2004) Epidermal differentiation: the role of proteases and their inhibitors. Eur J Cell Biol 83:761–773

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kammeyer A, Luiten RM (2015) Oxidation events and skin aging. Aging Res Rev 21:16–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Fisher GJ, Choi HC, Bata-Csorgo Z, Shao Y et al (2001) Ultraviolet irradiation increases matrix metalloproteinase-8 protein in human skin in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 117(2):219–226

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Baroni A, De Filippis A, Oliviero G, Fusco A, et al (2017) Effect of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser on invasiveness and innate immune response in keratinocytes infected with Candida albicans . Lasers Med Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2407-3

  28. Brenneisen P, Wlaschek M, Wenk J, Blaudschun R, Hinrichs R, Dissemond J, Krieg T, Scharffetter-Kochanek K (1999) Ultraviolet-B induction of interstitial collagenase and stromelyin-1 occurs in human dermal fibroblasts via an autocrine interleukin-6-dependent loop. FEBS Lett 449(1):36–40

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Mehta RC, Fitzpatrick RE (2007) Endogenous growth factors as cosmeceuticals. Dermatol Ther 20(5):350–359

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Kondo SJ, Kooshesh F (1997) Penetration of keratinocyte-derived cytokines into basement membrane. Cell Physiol 171:190–195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was funded by Department of Experimental Medicine University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

    Anna De Filippis & Brunella Perfetto

  2. Department of Mental Health and Physics and Preventive Medicine, Unit of Dermatology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

    Luigi Pio Guerrera, Giovanni Oliviero & Adone Baroni

Authors
  1. Anna De Filippis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Brunella Perfetto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Luigi Pio Guerrera
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Giovanni Oliviero
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Adone Baroni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adone Baroni.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual authors included in the study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

De Filippis, A., Perfetto, B., Guerrera, L. et al. Q-switched 1064 nm Nd-Yag nanosecond laser effects on skin barrier function and on molecular rejuvenation markers in keratinocyte-fibroblasts interaction. Lasers Med Sci 34, 595–605 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2635-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2635-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation