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Anti-inflammatory and in vitro bone formation effects of Garcinia mangostana L. and propolis extracts

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory and in vitro bone formation effects of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) and propolis extracts. Immortalized human gingival fibroblasts (hTERT-hNOF) cells were treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis KCOM 2804 lipopolysaccharide followed by treatment with mangosteen and propolis extract alone or in combination. Expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effect of mangosteen and/or propolis extracts on mineralization of MG-63 cells was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red S staining. Group mangosteen extract complex 1:34 (1 µg/ml mangosteen extract and 34 µg/ml propolis extract) significantly reduced expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2. It had higher than other groups in vitro bone formation effect on MG63 cells. These results suggest that mangosteen and propolis extract complex could be used in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Med Lab Co., Ltd. (2016-0110).

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Correspondence to Joong-Ki Kook.

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Conflict of interest

Dae Sung Lee is a co-register on patent (No. 1018793980000, Korea) entitled “Pharmaceutical composition for enhancing osteogenesis comprising garcinia mangostana extract and propolis extract” and on patent (Nos. US 10,022,412 B2 and JP 6387467 B2) entitled “Composition for preventing or alleviating periodontal diseases, containing, as active ingredients, mangosteen extract or α- or γ-mangosteen. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Supplementary Fig. S1.

Flow chart for preparing the mangosteen extract used in this study. Supplementary Fig. S2. Certificate of the analysis of the composition of mangosteen extract used in this study. Supplementary Fig. S3. Schematic procedure for preparing the propolis extract used in this study. Supplementary Fig. S4. Certificate of analysis of the composition of the propolis extract used in this study. (PPTX 3771 kb)

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Lim, Y.K., Yoo, S.Y., Jang, Y.Y. et al. Anti-inflammatory and in vitro bone formation effects of Garcinia mangostana L. and propolis extracts. Food Sci Biotechnol 29, 539–548 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-019-00697-3

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