Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

IgG4-related disease and ANCA positive vasculitis in childhood: a case-based review

  • Case Based Review
  • Published:
Clinical Rheumatology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) type 1 is an IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), characterized by inflammatory pseudotumors and histologically by dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates rich in IgG4 positive plasma cells, storiform fibrosis, and obliterative phlebitis. Although quite rare, IgG4-RD was found to be associated with medium or small vessel vasculitides. A new overlap syndrome between IgG4-RD and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) has recently been described in the adult population. Here we present a 16-year-old adolescent girl admitted with abdominal pain, episcleritis, palpable purpura, salivary gland enlargement, and bloody diarrhea. Laboratory investigations revealed findings of glomerulonephritis. Abdominal imaging surprisingly revealed a focal mass in the pancreatic tail, while the c-ANCA level was found to be quite high as well as serum IgG4 level. Biopsy of the pancreatic mass showed lymphoplasmacytic IgG4 positive cells infiltrating the pancreas with storiform fibrosis compatible with IgG4-related AIP. The renal biopsy that was done simultaneously showed necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis indicating AAV. Renal biopsy showed IgG4 positive plasma cells very rarely by immunohistochemical examination, which does not indicate any significance for IgG4-RD. Our diagnosis was IgG4-related AIP and AAV overlap syndrome, which has not been reported in the pediatric populations yet. IgG4-RD should be investigated in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis who shows atypical organ involvement. We searched the Pubmed/Medline and Google Scholar databases to identify clinical findings, treatment, and outcome of the patients with IgG4-related AIP and AAV.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data are available on request due to privacy/ethical restrictions. The data that support the findings of this report are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. Informed consent from the patient and the parents were taken.

References

  1. Shimosegawa T, Chari ST, Frulloni L, Kamisawa T, Kawa S, Mino-Kenudson M, Kim MH, Klöppel G, Lerch MM, Löhr M, Notohara K, Okazaki K, Schneider A, Zhang L, International Association of Pancreatology (2011) International Association of Pancreatology. International consensus diagnostic criteria for autoimmune pancreatitis: guidelines of the International Association of Pancreatology. Pancreas. 40(3):352–358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Hart PA, Kamisawa T, Brugge WR, Chung JB, Culver EL, Czakó L, Frulloni L, Go VLW, Gress TM, Kim MH, Kawa S, Lee KT, Lerch MM, Liao WC, Löhr M, Okazaki K, Ryu JK, Schleinitz N, Shimizu K, Shimosegawa T, Soetikno R, Webster G, Yadav D, Zen Y, Chari ST (2013) Long-term outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis: a multicentre, international analysis. Gut. 62(12):1771–1776

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Iida T, Adachi T, Tabeya T, Nakagaki S, Yabana T, Goto A, Kondo Y, Kasai K (2016) Rare type of pancreatitis as the first presentation of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related vasculitis. World J Gastroenterol 22(7):2383–2390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Danlos FX, Rossi GM, Blockmans D, Emmi G, Kronbichler A, Durupt S, Maynard C, Luca L, Garrouste C, Lioger B, Mourot-Cottet R, Dhote R, Arlet JB, Hanslik T, Rouvier P, Ebbo M, Puéchal X, Nochy D, Carlotti A, Mouthon L, Guillevin L, Vaglio A, Terrier B, French Vasculitis Study Group (2017) Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides and IgG4-related disease: a new overlap syndrome. Autoimmun Rev 16(10):1036–1043

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kawashima H, Utsugi A, Shibamiya A, Iida K, Mimura N, Ohashi H, Hase R, Kawakami M, Yanagisawa T, Hiraguri M (2019) Consideration concerning similarities and differences between ANCA-associated vasculitis and IgG-4-related diseases: case series and review of literature. Immunol Res 67(1):99–107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ma Y, Chen L, Xu Y, Han Q, Yu B, Yuan Y, Zhao J, Yang Y, Chen J, Han F (2019) Clinical and pathological features of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides concomitant with IgG4-related disease. Int J Rheum Dis 22(12):2143–2150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Bacon PA, Basu N, Cid MC, Ferrario F, Flores-Suarez LF, Gross WL, Guillevin L, Hagen EC, Hoffman GS, Jayne DR, Kallenberg CGM, Lamprecht P, Langford CA, Luqmani RA, Mahr AD, Matteson EL, Merkel PA, Ozen S, Pusey CD, Rasmussen N, Rees AJ, Scott DGI, Specks U, Stone JH, Takahashi K, Watts RA (2013) 2012 Revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides. Arthritis Rheum 65(1):1–11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Guillevin L, Pagnoux C, Karras A, Khouatra C, Aumaître O, Cohen P, Maurier F, Decaux O, Ninet J, Gobert P, Quémeneur T, Blanchard-Delaunay C, Godmer P, Puéchal X, Carron PL, Hatron PY, Limal N, Hamidou M, Ducret M, Daugas E, Papo T, Bonnotte B, Mahr A, Ravaud P, Mouthon L (2014) Rituximab versus azathioprine for maintenance in ANCA-associated vasculitis. N Engl J Med 371(19):1771–1780

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cai O, Tan S (2017) From pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and diagnosis to treatment: an overview on autoimmune pancreatitis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017:3246459

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Scheers I, Palermo JJ, Freedman S, Wilschanski M, Shah U, Abu-El-Haija M et al (2017) Autoimmune pancreatitis in children: characteristic features, diagnosis, and management. Am J Gastroenterol 112(10):1604–1611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Hart PA, Krishna SG, Okazaki K (2017) Diagnosis and management of autoimmune pancreatitis. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol 15(4):538–547

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Chang SY, Keogh KA, Lewis JE, Ryu JH, Cornell LD, Garrity JA, Yi ES (2013) IgG4-positive plasma cells in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's): a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study on 43 granulomatosis with polyangiitis and 20 control cases. Hum Pathol 44(11):2432–2437

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Khosroshahi A, Wallace ZS, Crowe JL, Akamizu T, Azumi A, Carruthers MN et al (2015) International Consensus Guidance Statement on the Management and Treatment of IgG4-Related Disease. Arthritis Rheum 67(7):1688–1699

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cheng X, Zhou D, Wei J, Zheng S (2013) Regional portal hypertension, systemic lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly associated with autoimmune pancreatitis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 37(3):e75–e80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kotani S, Wakamatsu R, Itoh A, Miyamoto K, Yoshino M, Takami K et al (2012) Proteinase 3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3-ANCA) positive IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis: utility of PET-CT with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Internal Med 51(7):755–758

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lurz E, Gonska T (2015) Pancreatic head mass leading to transient obstructive jaundice and diabetes mellitus in an adolescent. Gastroenterology. 149(7):e9–e10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. McCormick DJ, McNeilly T, McKeveney P (2017) 011. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting as autoimmune pancreatitis. Rheumatology 56(suppl_2):kex062.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Miyawaki Y, Katsuyama T, Sada KE, Taniguchi K, Kakio Y, Wada J (2016) Development of intracerebral hemorrhage in the short-term clinical course of a patient with microscopic polyangiitis without neurological symptoms at diagnosis: an autopsy case. CEN Case Rep 5(2):173–178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Su T, Yang L, Cui Z, Wang SX, Zhao MH (2017) Concurrent IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis and IgG4 myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive crescentic glomerulonephritis: A case report. Medicine. 96(20):e6707

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Kitching AR, Anders HJ, Basu N, Brouwer E, Gordon J, Jayne DR et al (2020) ANCA-associated vasculitis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 6(1):71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ishiguro N, Moriyama M, Furusho K, Furukawa S, Shibata T, Murakami Y, Chinju A, Haque ASMR, Gion Y, Ohta M, Maehara T, Tanaka A, Yamauchi M, Sakamoto M, Mochizuki K, Ono Y, Hayashida JN, Sato Y, Kiyoshima T, Yamamoto H, Miyake K, Nakamura S (2020) Activated M2 macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease via toll-like receptor 7/interleukin-33 signaling. Arthritis Rheum 72(1):166–178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Della-Torre E, Lanzillotta M, Campochiaro C, Bozzalla E, Bozzolo E, Bandiera A, Bazzigaluppi E, Canevari C, Modorati G, Stone JH, Manfredi A, Doglioni C (2016) Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity in IgG4-related disease: a case report and review of the literature. Medicine. 95(34):e4633

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Cupps TR, Edgar LC, Fauci AS (1982) Suppression of human B lymphocyte function by cyclophosphamide. J Immunol 128(6):2453–2457

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Wallace ZS, Stone JH (2019) Personalized medicine in ANCA-associated vasculitis ANCA specificity as the guide? Front Immunol 10:2855

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Stone JH, Merkel PA, Spiera R, Seo P, Langford CA, Hoffman GS, RAVE-ITN Research Group et al (2010) Rituximab versus cyclophosphamide for ANCA-associated vasculitis. N Engl J Med 363(3):221–232

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Carruthers MN, Topazian MD, Khosroshahi A, Witzig TE, Wallace ZS, Hart PA, Deshpande V, Smyrk TC, Chari S, Stone JH (2015) Rituximab for IgG4-related disease: a prospective, open-label trial. Ann Rheum Dis 74(6):1171–1177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Arzu Meltem Demir

  2. Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Fatma Aydin, Banu Acar & Tuba Kurt

  3. Department of Pathology, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

    Aylar Poyraz

  4. Department of Pathology, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

    Saba Kiremitci

  5. Department of Pediatric Radiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Basak Gülleroglu

  6. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Müjdem Nur Azili

  7. Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Umut Selda Bayrakci

Authors
  1. Arzu Meltem Demir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Fatma Aydin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Banu Acar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Tuba Kurt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Aylar Poyraz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Saba Kiremitci
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Basak Gülleroglu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Müjdem Nur Azili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Umut Selda Bayrakci
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All of the authors were involved in the design of the study, data acquisition, analysis, interpretation, and drafting of the work.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arzu Meltem Demir.

Ethics declarations

Disclosures

None.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary information

ESM 1

Supplement Figure: Head and neck magnetic resonance imaging outline the enlargement of the right parotid gland (white star). (PNG 219 kb)

High Resolution (TIF 157 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Demir, A.M., Aydin, F., Acar, B. et al. IgG4-related disease and ANCA positive vasculitis in childhood: a case-based review. Clin Rheumatol 40, 3817–3825 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-021-05635-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-021-05635-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation