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Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by mineral oil: a health problem

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Abstract

Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvant (ASIA) includes the following conditions: siliconosis, Gulf War syndrome, macrophagic myofasciitis syndrome, and post-vaccination phenomena. Afterward, other syndromes have been recognized, such as in ASIA by mineral oil (ASIA-MO). These conditions are triggered by adjuvants and they are the result of the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. ASIA-MO is defined as the infiltration of oily type modeling substances for cosmetic purposes. It has been reported in many countries and used surreptitiously. Pathogenesis of ASIA-MO is not clear, but is characterized by chronic granulomatous inflammation, like the pristane model in mice, with increase of proinflammatory cytokines: type I interferons (IFNα and IFNß), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and erosive arthritis. In humans, an increase of interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been found. Clinical spectrum of ASIA-MO is heterogeneous, varying from mild to severe and being local and systemic. The systemic manifestations can be non-specific and specific, meeting criteria for any autoimmune disease (AID), i.e., SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic sclerosis, among others. The areas of the body where the mineral oil is mostly applied include the following: buttocks (38–72%), breasts (12–16%), lower extremities (18–22%), and face (6–10%). The penis augmentation is also common. Treatment is focused on local and systemic manifestations and requires medical and surgical management representing a challenge for the physician.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unidad Médica de Alta Especiad, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret,” Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico

    Olga Vera-Lastra, Gabriela Medina, María Pilar Cruz-Domínguez, Ana Lilia Peralta Amaro & Luis J. Jara

  2. División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    Olga Vera-Lastra, Gabriela Medina, María Pilar Cruz-Domínguez, Ana Lilia Peralta Amaro & Luis J. Jara

  3. Hospital General de México, “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City, Mexico

    Gabriel Medrano Ramírez, Raymundo Benjamin Priego Blancas & Anabel Villanueva Martínez

  4. Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ciudad Salud, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico

    Jesús Sepúlveda Delgado

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  1. Olga Vera-Lastra
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  2. Gabriela Medina
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  8. Jesús Sepúlveda Delgado
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Correspondence to Olga Vera-Lastra.

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Vera-Lastra, O., Medina, G., Cruz-Domínguez, M.P. et al. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by mineral oil: a health problem. Clin Rheumatol 37, 1441–1448 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4078-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4078-2

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