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3-D Degradation analysis of railroad ballast

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Abstract

Degradation behaviour of aggregate particles of the size of railroad ballast (32–63 mm) is examined using Los Angeles (LA) milling and 3-D scanning techniques. Seven different rock types were tested at four stages of milling. For the analytical geometry and topography characterization, a new method based on Fourier and power spectra was used. The results are compared with those obtained using geometrical methods and traditional manual measurements. Diminishing of surface roughness and dimensions is evident. The change in roughness was 20–35% and for maximum dimensions of less than 10% in the case of hard rock types. The LA value was less than 15. For the weaker particles values of more than 40% and more than 20%, respectively, were obtained. The fractal dimension approached a value of 2 as a function of milling rates.

Résumé.

Les processus de dégradation de granulats pour ballast (32–63 mm) sont étudiés à l'aide de l'essai Los Angeles (LA) et de techniques de tomographie 3-D laser. Sept types de roches sont testés à quatre étapes de broyage. Une nouvelle méthode d'analyse utilisant la transformation de Fourier et son spectre de puissance permet la caractérisation géométrique des granulats. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés à ceux donnés par des méthodes géométriques et mesures manuelles traditionnelles. La diminution de la rugosité de surface et des dimensions des granulats est évidente. La rugosité diminue de 20–30% et la taille maximum de moins de 10% dans le cas des roches dures. La valeur de LA est inférieure à 15. Pour les granulats de roche moins dure, ces valeurs sont respectivement de 40% et plus de 20%. La dimension fractale est proche de 2 et dépend du taux de broyage.

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Tolppanen, P., Stephansson, O. & Stenlid, L. 3-D Degradation analysis of railroad ballast. Bull Eng Geol Environ 61, 35–42 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s100640100140

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s100640100140

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