Abstract
Geological mapping has confirmed the presence of swelling clays in the area of the proposed water transport canal between Köklüce and Erbaa, Turkey. A swelling pressure distribution map was prepared for this part of the route, based mainly on the analyses of soils in the Erbaa and Niksar basins. It is concluded that the potential swelling pressures will exceed the overburden weight of the reinforced concrete canal, not only when empty but also when full. In addition, variations in the characteristics of the soil mean differential movement is likely along the alignment, particularly important as the canal is planned to be a rigid structure. Recommendations are made to minimise the effect.
Résumé
La cartographie géologique a confirmé la présence d’argiles gonflantes dans la région du canal de transfert d’eau entre Köklüce et Erbaa en Turquie. Une carte représentant les pressions de gonflement a été préparée pour cette section du canal, principalement basée sur des analyses de sols des bassins d’Erbaa et Niksar. Il est apparu que les pressions de gonflement potentielles dépasseront le poids des terrains au niveau des revêtements en béton armé, non seulement pour le canal vide mais aussi pour le canal plein. De plus, la variabilité des propriétés des sols le long du tracé se traduira par des mouvements différentiels, avec des conséquences importantes sur le comportement de la structure conçue pour être rigide. Des recommandations sont faites pour minimiser ces effets.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anonymous, (1981) Assessment of damage in low-rise buildings, with particular reference to progressive foundation movement. Building Research Establishment, Digest 251, Her Mjesty’s Stationary Office, London, p 20
ASTM (1994) Annual book of ASTM standards (ASTM, D-4546), soil and rock (I):D420-D4914, V. 04.08: 693–699
Brindley GW (1980) Quantitative X-ray mineral analysis of clays, In: Brindley GW, Brown G (eds) Crystal structures of clay minerals and their X-ray identification, Mineralogical Society, London, pp 411–438
Chen FH (1988) Foundations of expansive soils. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 463
O’Neil MW, Poormoayed N (1980) Methodology for foundations on expansive clays. J Geotech Eng Div Am Soc Civil Eng 106(GT12):1345–1367
Van Der Merwe DH (1964) The prediction of heave from the plasticity index and percentage clay fraction of soils. Civil Eng South Afr 6(6):103–106
Vijayvergiya VN, Ghazzaly OI (1974) Prediction of swelling potential of natural clays. In: Proceedings, 3rd international research and engineering conference on expansive clays. pp 227–234
Yılmaz I (1998) Köklüce regülatörü-Erbaa HES iletim hattı güzergahındaki alüvyal zeminlerin şişme ve oturma sorunlarının jeo-mühendislik değerlendirmesi (in Turkish with English abstract). PhD Thesis, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, p 102
Yılmaz I, Karacan E (2002) Geotechnical properties of clayey alluvial soils in the Erbaa basin, Turkey. Int Geol Rev 44(2):179–190
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yilmaz, I. The effect of swelling clays on a water transport canal between Köklüce HPP and Erbaa HPP (Turkey). Bull Eng Geol Environ 66, 467–472 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-007-0086-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-007-0086-1