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Hydrogeochemical study of the clastic aquifer in the Umm Gudair field, Kuwait

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Abstract

The Kuwait Group aquifer is a major source of brackish groundwater in the State of Kuwait. The aquifer ranges in thickness from 150–400 m. In the Umm Gudair well field, the water has total dissolved solids ranging from 3,130 to 4,790 mg/l. According to the Sulin classification, all the Kuwait Group aquifer samples are characterized as Cl–Mg or Cl–Ca genetic water types. The chemical data indicate that the aquifer is generally in equilibrium with respect to calcite, dolomite and gypsum but undersaturated with respect to halite and polygorskite. The study has indicated that de-dolomitization is the major geochemical process controlling the chemistry of this aquifer, increasing the major complexes of sulphate and carbonate due to the dissolution of gypsum. The ratio of Cl/Na indicates that the Na+ ions have been taken from the Kuwait Group aquifer by reverse ion exchange.

Résumé

L’aquifère du Groupe du Koweit est la source majeure des eaux saumâtres de l’état du Koweït. L’épaisseur de l’aquifère varie de 150 à 400 m. Dans le champ captant de Umm Gudair, la minéralisation de l’eau varie de 3,130 à 4,790 mg/l. Selon la classification de Sulin, tous les échantillons de l’aquifère du Groupe du Koweït sont caractérisés par des eaux de type Cl–Mg ou Cl–Ca. Les données chimiques indiquent que l’aquifère est généralement en équilibre avec la calcite, la dolomite et le gypse mais sous-saturé par rapport à la halite et la palygorskite. L’étude a montré que la dé-dolomitisation est le principal processus contrôlant la chimie des eaux, conduisant à l’augmentation des principaux complexes de sulfates et carbonates du fait de la dissolution du gypse. Le rapport Cl/Na indique que les ions Na+ proviennent de l’aquifère du Groupe du Koweït par réaction d’échange ionique réversible.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express our appreciation to the Ministry of Electricity and Water (MEW) staff for offering and securing the required data and information for this study.

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Correspondence to F. M. Al-Ruwaih.

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Al-Ruwaih, F.M., Hadi, K.M. Hydrogeochemical study of the clastic aquifer in the Umm Gudair field, Kuwait. Bull Eng Geol Environ 66, 109–123 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-006-0050-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-006-0050-5

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