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Application of TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 as an anode for the electrochemical elimination of Acid Red 1 dye

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Abstract

In this study, galvanostatic electrolysis, through the use of the platinum supported on Ti (Ti/Pt) and Ti/TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 anodes, was conducted in an electrochemical cell with 0.2 L of solution containing 100 mg dm−3 of the textile dye Acid Red 1 (AR1) using Na2SO4 as supporting electrolyte, applying 7.5 and 60 mA cm−2. From the voltammetric curves, it was possible to understand that Ti/TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 electrode has high oxygen evolution overpotential than Ti/Pt anode. A direct electron transfer reaction is attained between the dye molecules and Ti/Pt surface, at lower currents. Conversely, the AR1 oxidation involves water decomposition intermediates, mainly ·OH radicals at Ti/TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 anode. The electrolytic process was monitored by the UV–visible spectrometry and the chemical oxygen demand (COD). Results clearly show that Ti/TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 anode performs better than Ti/TiO2 in removing ARI due to the electrosynthesis of strong oxidants on its surface (·OH and persulfates), achieving a higher oxidation rate, higher current efficiency, and less energy consumption than Ti/Pt electrode.

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Funding

The authors thank the financial support provided by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - 446846/2014-7 and CNPq- 401519/2014-7, Brazil) and they also thank Industrie De Nora S.p.A. (Milan, Italy) for providing the Ti/Pt electrode.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP 59078-970, Brazil

    José Eudes L. Santos, Dayanne Chianca de Moura, Djalma Ribeiro da Silva & Carlos A. Martínez-Huitle

  2. Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, P.le J.F. Kennedy 1, 16129, Genoa, Italy

    Marco Panizza

Authors
  1. José Eudes L. Santos
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  2. Dayanne Chianca de Moura
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  3. Djalma Ribeiro da Silva
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  4. Marco Panizza
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  5. Carlos A. Martínez-Huitle
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carlos A. Martínez-Huitle.

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Santos, J.E.L., de Moura, D.C., da Silva, D.R. et al. Application of TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 as an anode for the electrochemical elimination of Acid Red 1 dye. J Solid State Electrochem 23, 351–360 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4134-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4134-5

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