Sinus mucosa thinning and perforation after sinus augmentation. A histological study in rabbits

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate the modifications and possible perforations of the sinus mucosa lining graft particles and implant surfaces after sinus lifting.

Material and methods

Twelve New Zealand rabbits underwent a bilateral sinus lifting using either autogenous bone harvested from the tibia (AB; autogenous bone group) or deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM group) as filler. Implants were simultaneously installed. Thinned sites (<40 μm) and perforations were histologically evaluated at the sinus mucosa in contact with the graft and with the implant after 7 and 40 days of healing.

Results

The mean width of the pristine mucosa was ~70–80 μm. After 7 days of healing, the sinus mucosa in contact with the graft presented fourteen thinned sites in the AB group (mean width 28.8±12.8 μm) and fifty-nine in the DBBM group (mean width 22.2±5.2 μm). No perforations of the mucosa were seen in the AB group while six perforations distributed in two sinuses were found in the DBBM group. After 40 days, only one thinned mucosa and no perforations were observed in the AB group while ninety-six thinned mucosa sites were shared by six sinuses (19.2±3.8 μm), and 3 perforations by two sinuses in the DBBM group. Few sites of the mucosa were in contact with the implant apex and threads after 7 days of healing. However, after 40 days, twelve thinned mucosa sites were seen in four sinuses in the AB groups (mean width ~19 μm) and 5 in two sinuses in the DBBM group (mean width ~20 μm). Perforations were seen in two sinuses in the AB group, and in one sinus in the DBBM group.

Conclusions

The sinus mucosa might be damaged by a close contact with graft particles and implant surface.

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Acknowledgements

The competent contributions of Mr. Sebastião Bianco (USP - Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil) in the histological processing are highly acknowledged.

Data and materials availability

The datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Funding

This study has been funded by ARDEC Academy, Rimini, Italy. Bio-Oss® granules had been kindly provided by Geistlich Biomaterials AG, Wolhusen, LU, Switzerland, and the implants by Implalife® - industria de produtos médico-odontologicos, Jales, São Paulo, Brazil.

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Affiliations

  1. ARDEC Academy, viale Giovanni Pascoli, 67 47923, Rimini, Italy

    Shingo Kato, Daniele Botticelli, Enzo De Santis & Masatsugu Kanayama

  2. Fundación ARDEC, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia

    Daniele Botticelli & Enzo De Santis

  3. UNESP, Faculty of Dentistry of Araçatuba, State University of São Paulo, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil

    Sabrina Ferreira & Idelmo Rangel-Garcia Jr

Authors
  1. Shingo Kato
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  2. Daniele Botticelli
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Contributions

Shingo Kato participated in the concept/design, data analysis/interpretation, article writing, and approval of article.

Daniele Botticelli participated in the concept/design, protocol writing, histological measurements, data analysis/interpretation, article writing, and approval of the article.

Enzo De Santis participated in the concept/design, surgical treatment, critical revision of the article, and approval of the article.

Masatsugu Kanayama participated in the concept/design, critical revision of the article, and approval of article.

Sabrina Ferreira participated in the concept/design, surgical treatment, critical revision of the article, and approval of article.

Idelmo Rangel-Garcia Junior participated in the concept/design, protocol writing, data analysis/interpretation, article writing, and approval of the article.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniele Botticelli.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. This article does not contain any studies with human participants.

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Kato, S., Botticelli, D., De Santis, E. et al. Sinus mucosa thinning and perforation after sinus augmentation. A histological study in rabbits. Oral Maxillofac Surg (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-021-00946-y

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Keywords

  • Animal study
  • Sinus floor elevation
  • Bone healing
  • Xenograft
  • Perforation