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Time-dependent effects after enamel fluoride application on an acid etching system in orthodontic bracket bonding

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Abstract

Objectives

This study investigated the effectiveness of acid etching and bond strength in an orthodontic bonding system in accordance with various time periods after 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel applications.

Materials and methods

APF gel was applied on the enamel surface of bovine teeth, which were assigned to group F0. The tooth specimens were then immersed in distilled water for 1 (F1), 7 (F7), 14 (F14), 21 (F21) and 28 (F28) days. A group without fluoride pretreatment was a control group. All groups were etched with 35% phosphoric acid and evaluated using a surface hardness tester and scanning electron microscope (SEM). A shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed using a universal testing machine, and the bond failure modes were also examined.

Results

After the 1.23% APF gel treatment, the hardness of the acid-etched enamel surface decreased as the immersion period increased. SEM images of the test groups showed etched patterns similar to control group as the immersion period increased. The SBS increased with increasing immersion period, whereas group F21 was not significantly different from the control group. Relatively high adhesive remnant index scores were identified as the ageing period increased.

Conclusions

The present study indicated that in order to obtain suitable bond strength, it is recommended to use an acid etching-based bonding system for the fixation of orthodontic appliances on the enamel surface 21 days after the use of APF gel.

Clinical relevance

Fluoride pre-treatment interferes with the acid etching effects on enamel, causing a reduction in the bond strength with orthodontic brackets.

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Funding

The work was supported by the Yonsei University College of Dentistry (6-2019-0021).

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  1. Song-Yi Yang and Il Jun Jeong contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea

    Song-Yi Yang, Il Jun Jeong, Kwang-Mahn Kim & Jae-Sung Kwon

  2. BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea

    Il Jun Jeong, Kwang-Mahn Kim & Jae-Sung Kwon

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  1. Song-Yi Yang
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Correspondence to Jae-Sung Kwon.

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Yang, SY., Jeong, I.J., Kim, KM. et al. Time-dependent effects after enamel fluoride application on an acid etching system in orthodontic bracket bonding. Clin Oral Invest 25, 497–505 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03409-y

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