Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

The effect of Ekman–Westborg and Julin trait (generalized megadontia) and localized megadontia on tooth components size and ion content

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Clinical Oral Investigations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aims

The objective of this study is to compare size, enamel thickness and ion relative concentration in generalized megadontia (Ekman- Westborg and Julin trait) and a localized megadont upper third molar to normal teeth.

Materials and methods

The MD dimensions of permanent teeth were compared to controls. Tooth components of molars were measured from X-rays and compared to controls. The enamel and dentin relative amounts of elements of mandibular first permanent molar and deciduous canines of E-WJ trait girl, and megadont upper third molar were determined using ESD program of SEM and compared to match-paired normal teeth.

Results

The teeth of the girl diagnosed with E-WJ trait were true megadont (larger than mean ± 2SD). The ratio of enamel thickness to M-D dimension of molars of E-WJ trait and localized megadontia molars is reduced in comparison with normal similar teeth. In the enamel, carbon and silica concentrations were different in E-WJ trait teeth.

Conclusions

The enamel thickness was reduced in the E-WJ trait and megadont molars, but the relative amount of elements in enamel and dentin was similar to normal. The megadontia is due to a very large tooth germ, as determined by the DEJ, while the ratio of enamel apposition from the total M-D dimension is reduced.

Clinical relevance

Generalized megadontia, as observed in E-WJ trait, is due to large tooth germ, but the enamel thickness is similar to normal. Extractions of permanent teeth are necessary in order to allow normal eruption of teeth.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Koch G, Thesleff I. Developmental disturbances in number and shape of teeth and their treatment. In: Koch G, Poulsen S (eds). Pediatric dentistry, a clinical approach. 2nd edition. p. 191. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. 2013

  2. Bloch-Zupan A, Sedano H, Scully C (2012) Abnormalities of tooth shape and size. In Bloch-Zupan A, Sedano H, Scully C (eds). Dento/oro/craniofacial anomalies and genetics. pp 89–100. Elsevier Inc., London, Walthem

    Google Scholar 

  3. Deshingkar SA, Barpande SR, Bhavthankar JD (2011) Congenital hemifacial hyperplasia. Contemp Clin Dent 2:261–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Kiriazidou A, Haider D, Mason C, Parekh S, Bloch-Zupan A (2013) Case report: macrodont mandibular second premolars, a hereditary dental anomaly. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 14:411–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Canoglu E, Canoglu H, Aktas A, Cehreli ZC (2012) Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars: a case report. Eur J Dent 6:330–334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gibson AC (1970) Bilateral macrodontism of mandibular third molars with impaction of second molars. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 29:717–721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Swols DM, Foster J II, Tekin M (2017) KBG syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Diseases 12:183–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Sirmaci A, Spiliopoulos M, Brancati F, Powell E, Duman D, Abrams A, Bademci G, Agolini E, Guo S, Konuk B, Kavaz A, Blanton S, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Young J, Zuchner S, Tekin M (2011) Mutations in ANKRD11 causes KBG syndrome, characterized by intellectual disability, skeletal malformations and macrodontia. Am J Hum Genet 89:289–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ockeloen CW, Willemsen MH, de Munnik S, van Bon BWM, de Leeuw N, Verrips A, Kant SG, Jones EA, Brunner HG, van Loon RLE, Smeets EEJ, van Haelst MM, van Haaften G, Nordgren A, Malmgren H, Grigelioniene G, Vermeer S, Louro P, Ramos L, Maal TJJ, van Heumen CC, Yntema HG, Carels CEL, Kleefstra T (2015) Further delineation of the KBG syndrome phenotype caused by ANKRD11 aberrations. Eur J Human Genet 23:1176–1185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Brook A H, Griffin R C, Smith R N, et al (2009) Tooth size patterns in patients with hypodontia and supernumerary teeth. Arch Oral Biol 54 Suppl 1:s63-s70

  11. Ekman-Westborg B, Julin P (1974) Multiple anomalies in dental morphology: macrodontia, multituberculism, central cusps, and pulp invaginations. Report of a case. Oral Surg, Oral Med Oral Pathol 38:217–2021

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ritzau M, Carlsen O, Kreiborg S, Brinch-Iversen J, Gorlin RJ, Rasmussen NH (1997) The Ekman-Westborg-Jukin trait: report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 84:293–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Nakagawa T, Tagawa T, Inui M, Kageyama T, Murata T (1997) Ekman-Westborg-Julin trait. A case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 26:49–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Nemes JA, Alberth M (2006) The Ekman-Westborg and Julin trait: report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 102:659–662

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Reardon G,T, Slayton L R, Norby C, Geneser T. (2012) Macrodontia, shovel-shaped incisors, and multituberculism: probable Ekman-Westborg-Julin trait. J Dent Child (Chic) 79:197–201

  16. Komatsu T, Kurihara T, Ito Y, Lee MC, Miyagi A, Ikeda M (2012) Oral characteristics of a patient with Ekman-Westborg-Julin trait: a case history. Spec Care Dentist 32:70–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Chaushu S, Sharabi S, Becker A (2003) Tooth size in dentitions with buccal canine ectopia. Eur J Orthodont 25:485–491

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Rosenzweig KA, Zilberman Y (1969) Dentition of Beduin in Israel. II Morphology Am J Phys Anthrop 31:199–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Acharya S, Mandal P K, Ghosh C. (2015) Bilateral molariform mandibular second premolars. Case Reports Dent ID 809463:3 pages

  20. Mangla N, Singh Khinda VI, Kallar S, Singh BG (2014) Molarization of mandibular second premolar. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 7:137–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Babaji P, Chaurasia VR, Masamatti VK, Tiwari S, Malik S (2014) Unilateral molariform macrodont mandibular second premolar: an unusual case report in a nonsyndromic patient. J Clin Diag Res 8:ZD08–ZD09

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kyriazidou A, Haider D, Mason C, Parekh S, Bloch-Zupan A (2013) Case report: Macrodont mandibular second premolars, a hereditary dental anomaly. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 14:411–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Peker I, Kayaoglu G (2009) A case of Ekman-Westborg-Julin trait: endodontic treatment of a macrodontic incisor. Oral Surg, Oral Med, Oral Pathol, Oral Radiol, Endod 107:e89–e92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Guvenc D, Gokbuget AY, Cintan S, Seymen F (2012) A variant of the Ekman–Westborg and Julin trait. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41:42–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Colakoglu G, Kazak M, Buyukbayram IK, Elcin MA, Nadeloglu E (2019) A case of multiple dental anomalies: a variant of Ekman–Westborg and Julin trait. Eur Oral Res 52:55–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Keinan D, Smith P, Zilberman U (2006) Microstructure and chemical composition of primary teeth in children with down syndrome and cerebral palsy. Arch Oral Biol 51:836–843

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Mass E, Hassan A, Zilberman U (2017) Long term in-vivo effects of various restorative materials on enamel and dentin of primary molars. Quintessence Int 48:633–638

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Mc Henry HM. New estimates of body weight in early hominids and their significance to encephalization and megadontia in Robust Austropithecus. In Grine FE (ed) The Evolutionary History of the Robust Australopithecines. pp. 133–148, Aldyne de Gruiter, 1988

  29. Lacruz RS, Dean MC, Ramirez-Rozzi F, Bromage TG (2008) Megadontia, striae periodicity and patterns of enamel secretion in Plio-Pleistocene fossil hominins. J Anat 213:148–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Zilberman U, Smith P, Sperber GH (1990) Components of australopithecine teeth: a radiographic study. J Hum Evol 5:515–529

    Google Scholar 

  31. Zilberman U, Smith P, Alvesalo L (2000) Crown components of mandibular molar teeth in 45, X females (Turner Syndrome). Arch Oral Biol 45:217–225

Download references

Funding

The work was supported by the Pediatric Dental Clinic, Barzilai Medical University Center, Ashkelon, Israel.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Dental Unit, Barzilai Medical University Center, Ashkelon, Israel

    Shirley Leibovitz & Uri Zilberman

  2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Shirley Leibovitz & Uri Zilberman

  3. Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation & Maxillofacial Imaging, Hebrew University, Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel

    Yaron Haviv

Authors
  1. Shirley Leibovitz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yaron Haviv
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Uri Zilberman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Uri Zilberman.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animal performed by any of the authors.

Informed consent

For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Leibovitz, S., Haviv, Y. & Zilberman, U. The effect of Ekman–Westborg and Julin trait (generalized megadontia) and localized megadontia on tooth components size and ion content. Clin Oral Invest 25, 833–839 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03368-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03368-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation