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Short-term and long-term effects of osteoporosis on incisor teeth and femoral bones evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis in ovariectomized rats

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Abstract

There are few published data on the relationship between loss of bone mass due to osteoporosis and poor tooth quality. This study analyzed the effects of osteoporosis on incisor teeth and femoral bones using optical techniques in rats. Twenty female Wistar rats aged 6 months (n = 20) were randomized into two groups: control group, non-ovariectomized rats (n = 10); ovariectomy group, ovariectomized rats to induce osteoporosis (n = 10). Each group was subdivided randomly into two groups containing five rats each as follows. Control group 1: non-ovariectomized rats euthanized at the age of 9 or 3 months post-ovariectomy (n = 5); Control group 2: non-ovariectomized rats euthanized at the age of 1 year or 6 months post-ovariectomy (n = 5); ovariectomy group 1: ovariectomized rats euthanized at the age of 9 months or 3 months post-ovariectomy (n = 5); ovariectomy group 2: ovariectomized rats euthanized at the age of 1 year or 6 months post-ovariectomy (n = 5). The incisor teeth and femoral bones of Wistar rats were removed to perform Raman spectroscopy using an excitation laser at 785 nm. In addition, an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer system was used to evaluate calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The main findings included significant changes (p < 0.05) for phosphate and carbonate band areas for both incisor teeth and femur bones. In addition, there was significant negative correlation between the P concentration and phosphate/carbonate ratio (lower P content–larger ratio, p < 0.05) for incisor teeth and femoral bones. The proline and CH2 wag band areas were significantly reduced only for the incisor teeth (p < 0.05). Therefore, Raman spectroscopy assessed the compositional, physicochemical and structural changes in hard tissue. The current study also pointed out the possible action mechanisms of these changes, bone fracture risk and dental fragility. It is important to emphasize that poor dental quality may also occur due to osteoporosis.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)—Grant no. 2013/14001-9 and 2013/07276-1 (CEPOF—CEPID Program).

Funding

This study was funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)—Grant no. 2013/14001-9 and 2013/07276-1 (CEPOF—CEPID Program).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Optics Group from São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Centro, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil

    Fernanda Rossi Paolillo, Renan Arnon Romano, Luciana de Matos, Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães, Jarbas Caiado de Castro Neto & Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato

  2. Department of Physics from Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil

    Airton Abrahão Martin

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering from Brazil University (UnBr), Rua Carolina Fonseca, 584, Itaquera, SP, Brazil

    Airton Abrahão Martin

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  1. Fernanda Rossi Paolillo
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  2. Renan Arnon Romano
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  4. Airton Abrahão Martin
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  6. Jarbas Caiado de Castro Neto
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  7. Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fernanda Rossi Paolillo.

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Ethical standards

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP) in São Carlos, Brazil (number 08/2014). All animal procedures were performed according to the principles in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.

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No competing financial interests exist.

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Paolillo, F.R., Romano, R.A., de Matos, L. et al. Short-term and long-term effects of osteoporosis on incisor teeth and femoral bones evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis in ovariectomized rats. J Bone Miner Metab 37, 18–27 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-018-0903-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-018-0903-6

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