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Tissue-specific responses to loss of transglutaminase 2

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Abstract

Of the eight catalytic transglutaminases (TGs), transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has been the most comprehensively studied due to its ubiquitous expression in multiple cell types. Despite the observed critical role for this enzyme in multiple biological processes in vitro, TG2 knockout mouse models have shown no severe developmental phenotypes, suggesting compensation by other TGs. To begin characterization of the compensating mechanisms, we analyzed total transamidating activity and expression patterns of all catalytically active TGs in seven different tissues/organs from wild-type and TG2 knockout mice. Inhibitory analysis with TG2-specific inhibitor KCC-009 suggests that relative contribution of TG2 in total transamidating activity differs in various tissues. Accordingly, our data indicate tissue-specific mechanisms of compensation for the loss of TG2, including transcriptional compensation in heart and liver versus functional compensation in aorta, kidney and skeletal/cartiagenous tissues. On the contrary, no compensation has been detected in skeletal muscle, suggesting a limited role for the TG2-mediated transamidation in normal development of this tissue.

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Abbreviations

TG:

Transglutaminase

FXIIIa:

Factor XIIIa

TG1-7:

Transglutaminase 1–7

WT:

Wild type

TG−/− :

Transglutaminase 2 null

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Chaitan Khosla for providing us with the TG inhibitor KCC-009 and Dr. Robert Graham for providing us with TG2−/− mice. This work was supported by NIH grants R01R01HL093305, R56DK071920 and R03AR057126 and a grant from Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund to M. Nurminskaya.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    Stephanie Deasey, Shobana Shanmugasundaram & Maria Nurminskaya

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  1. Stephanie Deasey
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  2. Shobana Shanmugasundaram
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  3. Maria Nurminskaya
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Correspondence to Maria Nurminskaya.

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Deasey, S., Shanmugasundaram, S. & Nurminskaya, M. Tissue-specific responses to loss of transglutaminase 2. Amino Acids 44, 179–187 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-011-1183-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-011-1183-9

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