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Morpho-physiological and biochemical responses in the floating lamina of Trapa natans exposed to molybdenum

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Abstract

The response to molybdenum (Mo) was studied in the metal-tolerant hydrophyte Trapa natans L. Previously, it was shown that the plant accumulates Mn in the floating lamina by means of phenolic compounds and responded with acclimation responses of the chloroplast. Since the involvement of phenolics has been proposed also in Mo resistance, we tested the response of T. natans to increasing doses (5, 50, 150, 600 µM) of Mo using the photosynthetic apparatus as an indicator of cellular stress. Only 5 μM Mo did not cause evident modifications with respect to controls. Conversely, 50 to 600 μM Mo induced progressively marked alterations of the lamina morphology. The chloroplast ultrastructure showed disorganisation of the thylakoid system, and correspondingly, the photosynthetic pigment pattern was altered with a fall-down in photosynthesis. Microspectrofluorimetry indicated alterations of photosystem II, with differences among the three cell layers (first and second palisade and spongy tissues). While the highest dose caused plant death, 50 and 150 μM Mo-treated plants underwent partial recovery, and the plant survived up to the end of the vegetative season. However, reproduction was unsuccessful. Mo treatment did not induce increase in total phenolics, but only in anthocyanin. In contrast to Mn, detoxification of Mo by chelation inside vacuoles, possibly by anthocyanins, is suggested to be an insufficient mechanism to reduce Mo toxicity, which probably includes an impairment of nitrogen metabolism. However, the metal was accumulated in the lamina. On the whole, T. natans showed limited capabilities to survive Mo excess as compared with Mn.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank E. Ferroni for help in language editing. Funding for study was provided by the Fondo per gli Investimenti della Ricerca di Base (FIRB2001) of the Italian MIUR (Ministero per l’Istruzione, l’Università e la Ricerca) and by the University of Ferrara.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Cytophysiology, Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44100, Ferrara, Italy

    Costanza Baldisserotto, Lorenzo Ferroni, Cristina Zanzi & Simonetta Pancaldi

  2. Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este, 32, 44100, Ferrara, Italy

    Roberta Marchesini

  3. Laboratory of Atomic Spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44100, Ferrara, Italy

    Antonella Pagnoni

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  1. Costanza Baldisserotto
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  2. Lorenzo Ferroni
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  3. Cristina Zanzi
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  4. Roberta Marchesini
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  5. Antonella Pagnoni
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  6. Simonetta Pancaldi
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Correspondence to Simonetta Pancaldi.

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Baldisserotto, C., Ferroni, L., Zanzi, C. et al. Morpho-physiological and biochemical responses in the floating lamina of Trapa natans exposed to molybdenum. Protoplasma 240, 83–97 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-009-0094-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-009-0094-z

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