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The identification and characterization of novel rat hepatitis E virus strains in Bali and Sumbawa, Indonesia

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Abstract

All three genetic groups of ratHEV have been found in Indonesia, suggesting the presence of additional variants of ratHEV in unexamined areas of Indonesia. A total of 242 wild rats were captured in Bali and Sumbawa, Indonesia, during 2014-2016. Among them, 4.1% were seropositive for anti-ratHEV IgG and two (0.8%) had detectable ratHEV RNA: ratESUMBAWA-140L and ratEBali2016D-047L, sharing 84.9-85.4% and 86.9-92.1% nucleotide identity with the reported G2 strains, respectively. The provisional criteria supported the notion that the ratEBali2016D-047L and ratESUMBAWA-140L strains were novel G2 variants. These results suggested the spatial distribution of further divergent ratHEV strains in Indonesia.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ms. Endang Wiwik Rochjati in Sumbawa-Besar town for her assistance in collecting wild rats. This study was supported in part by the Research Program on Hepatitis from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED (JP17fk0210301) and a MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities, 2013-2017 (S13110340).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan

    Putu Prathiwi Primadharsini, Tsutomu Nishizawa, Masaharu Takahashi & Hiroaki Okamoto

  2. West Nusa Tenggara Hepatitis Laboratory, Mataram, Indonesia

    Mulyanto & Joko Anggoro

  3. Immunobiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia

    Mulyanto & Joko Anggoro

  4. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sanglah Hospital of Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia

    I. Dewa Nyoman Wibawa

  5. Division of Pathology, Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

    Suljid Jirintai

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  1. Putu Prathiwi Primadharsini
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  2. Mulyanto
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  3. I. Dewa Nyoman Wibawa
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  4. Joko Anggoro
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  5. Tsutomu Nishizawa
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  6. Masaharu Takahashi
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  7. Suljid Jirintai
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  8. Hiroaki Okamoto
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Correspondence to Hiroaki Okamoto.

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest in association with the present study.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Handling Editor: Michael A. Purdy.

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Primadharsini, P.P., Mulyanto, Wibawa, I.D.N. et al. The identification and characterization of novel rat hepatitis E virus strains in Bali and Sumbawa, Indonesia. Arch Virol 163, 1345–1349 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-3736-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-3736-7

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