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Antiviral effect of lithium chloride on replication of avian leukosis virus subgroup J in cell culture

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Abstract

Lithium chloride (LiCl) has been reported to possess antiviral activity against several viruses. In the current study, we assessed the antiviral activity effect of LiCl on ALV-J infection in CEF cells by using real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, IFA and p27 ELISA analysis. Our results showed that both viral RNA copy number and protein level decreased significantly in a dose and time dependent manner. Time-course analysis revealed that the antiviral effect was more pronounced when CEFs were treated at the post infection stage rather than at early absorption or pre-absorption stages. Further experiments demonstrated that LiCl did not affect virus attachment or entry, but rather affected early virus replication. We also found that inhibition of viral replication after LiCl treatment was associated with reduced mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results demonstrate that LiCl effectively blocked ALV-J replication in CEF cells and may be used as an antiviral agent against ALV-J.

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Acknowledgments

The research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFD0500702), the Key Program of NSFC-Henan Joint Fund (U1604232), NCFC-RCUK-BBSRC (Grant No. 31761133002), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31772734), the Newton Fund Project on “UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases”, Chinese Special Fund for Agro scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203055), the PAPD of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the Jiangsu Co-innovation Centre for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ministry of Education Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No. 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Kun Qian, Xiaowei Cheng, Danyang Zhang, Hongxia Shao & Aijian Qin

  2. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, No. 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Kun Qian, Hongxia Shao & Aijian Qin

  3. Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, No. 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Kun Qian, Hongxia Shao & Aijian Qin

  4. Avian Oncogenic virus group, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK

    Yongxiu Yao & Venugopal Nair

  5. The UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, 169 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Kun Qian, Yongxiu Yao, Venugopal Nair & Aijian Qin

Authors
  1. Kun Qian
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  2. Xiaowei Cheng
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  3. Danyang Zhang
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  4. Hongxia Shao
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  6. Venugopal Nair
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  7. Aijian Qin
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Contributions

Kun Qian and Aijian Qin designed the study. Kun Qian, Xiaowei Cheng and Danyang Zhang carried out the experiments, analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript. Aijian Qin supervised all the experiments and participated in the data analysis. Hongxia Shao, Yongxiu Yao and Venugopal Nair discussed and prepared the final report. All of the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Kun Qian or Aijian Qin.

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Conflict of interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The experimental protocols for preparing primary chicken embryo fibroblasts were approved by the Animal Care and Protection Committee of Yangzhou University (reference number SYXX2012-0020).

Additional information

Handling Editor: YiMing Shao.

Kun Qian and Xiaowei Cheng contributed equally to this work.

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Qian, K., Cheng, X., Zhang, D. et al. Antiviral effect of lithium chloride on replication of avian leukosis virus subgroup J in cell culture. Arch Virol 163, 987–995 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3692-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3692-7

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