Abstract
The authors report on a method for the determination of ractopamine (RAC) via liquid crystal (LC) optical imaging and gold nanoparticle-induced signal enhancement. The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were blended with the desired concentrations of RAC, and this is found to strongly improve the performance of the assay. The RAC aptamers were immobilized on the self-assembled film of a glass slide for specific recognition of RAC. This causes a homeotropic re-orientation of the LCs. Notably, the aptamers need not be immobilized on the nanoparticles like in other methods. The addition of RAC causes the formation of an AuNP-RAC-aptamer conjugate on the sensing interface. This disrupts the orientation of LCs and results in a change of the polarized images of the LCs. The method has a detection limit as low as 1 pM of RAC.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Crescenzi C, Bayoudh S, Cormack PAG, Klein T, Ensing K (2001) Determination of Clenbuterol in bovine liver by combining matrix solid-phase dispersion and molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ion trap multiple-stage mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 73(10):2171–2177
Shishani E, Chai SC, Jamokha S, Aznar G, Hoffman MK (2003) Determination of ractopamine in animal tissues by liquid chromatography-fluorescence and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 483(1–2):137–145
Rajkumar M, Li YS, Chen SM (2013) Electrochemical detection of toxic ractopamine and salbutamol in pig meat and human urine samples by using poly taurine/zirconia nanoparticles modified electrodes. Colloids Surf, B 110(10):242–247
Yao X, Yan P, Tang Q, Deng A, Li J (2013) Quantum dots based electrochemiluminescent immunosensor by coupling enzymatic amplification for ultrasensitive detection of clenbuterol. Anal Chim Acta 798(18):82–88
Noel JA, Barstow TJ, Broxterman RM, McCoy GD, Phelps KJ, Gonzalez JM (2016) Effect of Ractopamine-HCL on muscle fiber types and finishing barrow exhaustion. Meat Sci 112:110
Ye D, Wu S, Xu J, Jiang R, Zhu F, Ouyang G (2016) Rapid determination of Clenbuterol in pork by direct immersion solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 54(2):112–118
Li J, Chen Y, Su YQ, Ding XM, Xia WS, Liu HM, Zhang YB (2017) Single-step multiresidue determination of β-lactam antibiotics and β-agonists in porcine muscle by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Anal Methods 10:2185–2193
Chu L, Zheng S, Qu B, Geng S, Kang X (2017) Detection of β-agonists in pork tissue with novel electrospun nanofibers-based solid-phase extraction followed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 227:315–321
Lin YP, Lee YL, Hung CY, Huang WJ, Lin SC (2017) Determination of multiresidue analysis of β-agonists in muscle and viscera using liquid chromatograph/tandem mass spectrometry with quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe methodologies. J Food Drug Anal 25(2):275–284
Zhang Y, Ma H, Wu D, Li Y, Du B, Wei Q (2015) Label-free immunosensor based on au@ag 2 S nanoparticles/magnetic chitosan matrix for sensitive determination of ractopamine. J Electroanal Chem 184:3765–3771
Wang WY, Zhang YL, Wang JY, Xue S, Ye JN (2010) Determination of β-agonists in pig feed, pig urine and pig liver using capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Meat Sci 85(2):302–305
Han J, Gao H, Wang W, Wang Z, Fu Z (2013) Time-resolved chemiluminescence strategy for multiplexed immunoassay of clenbuterol and ractopamine. Biosens Bioelectron 48(19):39–42
Brake JM, Abbott NL (2003) Biomolecular interactions at phospholipid-decorated surfaces of liquid crystals. Science 302(5653):2094–2097
Kim SR, Shah RR, Abbott NL (2000) Orientations of liquid crystals on mechanically rubbed films of bovine serum albumin: a possible substrate for biomolecular assays based on liquid crystals. Anal Chem 72(19):4646–4653
Mcumber AC, Noonan PS, Schwartz DK (2012) Surfactant-DNA interactions at the liquid crystal-aqueous interface. Soft Matter 8(16):4335–4342
Li X, Tan H, Li Y-L, Wu Z-Y, Shen GL, Yu R-Q (2014) Aptamer-based liquid crystal biosensor for detection of platelet-derived growth factor BB. Chinese J Anal Chem 42(5):629–635
Wang Y, Wang B, Shen J, Xiong XL, Deng SX (2017) Aptamer based bare eye detection of kanamycin by using a liquid crystal film on a glass support. Microchim Acta:1):1–1):7
Wu Y, Wu C, Shen S, Yu Z, Ruqin G (2013) Split Aptamer-Based Liquid Crystal Biosensor for ATP Assay. Acta Chim Sin 71(3):367
Yuan Q, Lu D, Zhang X, Chen Z, Tan W (2012) Aptamer-conjugated optical nanomaterials for bioanalysis. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 39:72–86
Cao YC, Jin R, Mirkin CA (2002) Nanoparticles with Raman spectroscopic fingerprints for DNA and RNA detection. Science 297(5586):1536–1540
Lan D, Li B, Zhang Z (2008) Chemiluminescence flow biosensor for glucose based on gold nanoparticle-enhanced activities of glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase. Biosens Bioelectron 24(4):940–944
Mahyari M, Shaabani A, Behbahani M, Bagheri A (2014) Thiol-functionalized fructose-derived nanoporous carbon as a support for gold nanoparticles and its application for aerobic oxidation of alcohols in water. Appl Organomet Chem 28(8):576–583
Grabar KC, Freeman RG, Hommer MB, Natan MJ (1995) Preparation and characterization of au colloid monolayers. Anal Chem 67(4):735–743
Kristensen IS, Mowbray DJ, Thygesen KS, Jacobsen KW (2008) Comparative study of anchoring groups for molecular electronics: structure and conductance of au-S-au and au-NH(2)-au junctions. J Phys Condens Matter 20(37):374101
Izquierdolorenzo I, Sanchezcortes S, Garciaramos JV (2011) Trace detection ofaminoglutethimide drug by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: a vibrational and adsorption study on gold nanoparticles. Anal Methods 3(7):1540–1545
Duan J, He D, Wang W, Liu Y, Wu H, Wang Y, Fu M, Li S (2013) The fabrication of nanochain structure of gold nanoparticles and its application in ractopamine sensing. Talanta 115(17):992–998
Yang F, Wang P, Wang R, Zhou Y, Su X, He Y, Shi L, Yao D (2016) Label free electrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of ractopamine. Biosens Bioelectron 77:347–352
Koenig GM, Abbott NL (2010) Chemoresponsive assemblies of microparticles at liquid crystalline interfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107(9):3998–4003
Miller DS, Carlton RJ, Mushenheim PC, Abbott NL (2013) Instructional review: an introduction to optical methods for characterizing liquid crystals at interfaces. Langmuir 29(10):3154–3169
Song HY, Kang TF, Li NN, Lu LP, Cheng SY (2016) Highly sensitive voltammetric determination of kanamycin based on aptamer sensor for signal amplification. Anal Methods 8(16):3366–3372
Peng Y, Li L, Mu X, Guo L (2013) Aptamer-gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay for the sensitive detection of thrombin. Sensors Actuators B Chem 177(1):818–825
Hansma HG, Revenko I, Kim K, Laney DE (1996) Atomic force microscopy of long and short double-stranded, single-stranded and triple-stranded nucleic acids. Nucleic Acids Res 24(4):713–720
Rohit JV, Kailasa SK (2017) Simple and selective detection of pendimethalin herbicide in water and food samples based on the aggregation of ractopamine-dithiocarbamate functionalized gold nanoparticles. Sensors Actuators B Chem 245:541–550
Zhu Q, Liu H, Zhang J, Wu K, Deng A, Li J (2017) Ultrasensitive QDs based electrochemiluminescent immunosensor for detecting ractopamine using AuNPs and au nanoparticles@PDDA-graphene as amplifier. Sensors Actuators B Chem 243:121–129
Acknowledgements
This work is financially supported by the Doctoral Research Startup Foundation of Jining Medical University, the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (CSTC2015JCYJA20014) and Ministry of Education (CQKLBST-2515005).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
ESM 1
(DOC 15132 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, Y., Wang, B., Xiong, X. et al. Gold nanoparticle-based signal enhancement of an aptasensor for ractopamine using liquid crystal based optical imaging. Microchim Acta 186, 697 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-3811-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-3811-0