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Nanoparticle-based surface assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry: a review

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Abstract

Great endeavors are undertaken to find effective nanoparticles to replace organic matrices for the analysis of small molecules using laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). Nanoparticles offer high sensitivity and better selectivity compared to conventional organic matrices. Surface assisted LDI-MS (SALDI-MS), and surface enhanced LDI-MS (SELDI-MS) provide clear background spectra without observable interferences peaks, and cause no fragmentation (soft ionization) of thermal and acidity labile molecules. This review article (with 460 references) summarizes the recent applications of nanoparticles including metallic, metal oxides, silicon, quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks, for the analysis of small molecules. Nanoparticles serve not only as surface for LDI-MS, but they can be also used as probe or pseudo-stationary phase for separation, enrichment, and microextraction. Hopefully, the knowledge and learning points gained from this review will deepen the understanding of nanoparticles applications for LDI-MS.

Schematic representation of laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry using various nanoparticles (such as metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, silicon based nanomaterials, metal oxides, quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks). Advanced technologies using nanoparticles are also reviewed.

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Abbreviations

ALD:

Atomic layer deposition

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

Au NPET:

cationic gold nanoparticle enhanced target

CLs:

Cardiolipins

CPC:

Cetyl pyridinium chloride monohydrate

CTAB:

cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride

CV:

coefficient of variation

DIOS:

Desorption ionization on silicon

DIOM:

desorption ionization on mesoporous silicate

DDAB:

didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide

ESI-MS:

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

GSH:

glutathione

GALDI-MS:

Graphite assisted LDI-MS

MILs:

Materials Institute Lavoisier

MALDI-MS:

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry

ME-NIMS:

matrix-enhanced nanostructure initiator mass spectrometry

MELDI:

material enhanced laser desorption ionization

IMAC:

Metal affinity chromatography

nano-PALDI:

nanoparticle assisted LDI

NIMS:

nanostructure initiator mass spectrometry

NALDI:

nanostructure-assisted laser desorption/ionization

TOAB:

tetraoctylammonium bromide

TMAOH:

tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide pentahydrate

4-MPBA:

mercaptophenylboronic acid

NALDI-MS:

nanowire assisted LDI-MS

NSAIDs:

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

PEG 200:

polyethylene glycol

PCs:

4- phosphatidylcholines

Pes:

phosphatidylethanolamines

PIs:

phosphatidylinositols

PGs:

phosphatidylglycerols

QA:

Quaternary ammonium

SPALDI:

silicon nanoparticle assisted laser desorption ionization

SDS:

sodium dodecyl sulfate

SALDI-MS:

surface assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry

SELDI-MS:

surface enhanced LDI-MS

TAGs:

triacylglycerols

UiO-66:

University of Oslo

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    Hani Nasser Abdelhamid

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Abdelhamid, H.N. Nanoparticle-based surface assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry: a review. Microchim Acta 186, 682 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-3770-5

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