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Comprehensive analysis of vitreous humor chemokines in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy

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Abstract

Aims

To compare the vitreous levels of chemokines in diabetic patients with and without retinopathy. To find the relationship between stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and levels of vitreous chemokines.

Methods

The study involved 20 non-diabetic and 20 diabetic patients without clinical signs of DR (NDR) and 40 diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The vitreous humor was collected and the levels of 40 chemokines were measured using magnetic color-bead-based multiplex assay.

Results

The control group, NDR group, PDR with vitreous hemorrhage (VH) group, and PDR with tractional retinal detachment group comprised 20, 20, 21, and 19 eyes, respectively. Only the concentration of CCL3 was significantly higher in the NDR group compared with the controls (p = 0.038). Twenty-five types of chemokines were statistically higher in the PDR with VH group in comparison to NDR group (all p < 0.05). All chemokines were statistically higher in the PDR with TRD group in comparison to NDR group (all p < 0.05) apart from 3 chemokines: GM-CSF, MIF, and CCL3(p = 0.086, p = 0.109, p = 0.094, respectively). The concentration of CCL21, CCL15 in PDR with TRD group was significantly higher compared with PDR with VH group, while other 36 chemokines were not significantly different between PDR with VH group and PDR with TRD group.

Conclusions

The inflammation gradually worsen with the progression of DR. CCL3 may be associated with the onset of early diabetic retinal damage, and CCL15 and CCL21 may be closely related to the formation of fibrovascular membrane and the progression of the end stage of DR.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 81500737) and Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (Grant Number 201607010343). The sponsors or funding organizations had no role in the design or conduct of this research.

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Author notes

  1. Yunkao Zeng and Dan Cao have contributed equally to the work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106, Zhongshan Er Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Yunkao Zeng, Dan Cao, Honghua Yu, Yunyan Hu, Miao He, Dawei Yang, Xuenan Zhuang & Liang Zhang

  2. Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China

    Yunkao Zeng, Dawei Yang & Xuenan Zhuang

Authors
  1. Yunkao Zeng
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  2. Dan Cao
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  3. Honghua Yu
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  4. Yunyan Hu
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  5. Miao He
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  8. Liang Zhang
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Correspondence to Liang Zhang.

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Ethical standard statement

This study was performed in accordance to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the local Research Ethics Committee of the Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Number 2016232A).

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Informed consent was obtained from the subjects.

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Zeng, Y., Cao, D., Yu, H. et al. Comprehensive analysis of vitreous humor chemokines in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. Acta Diabetol 56, 797–805 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-019-01317-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-019-01317-6

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