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Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in Kailali and Kanchanpur District of Far Western, Nepal

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Abstract

Respiratory diseases cause severe distress leading to serious effects on production characteristics of pigs. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mh) is one of the primary contributors of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of enzootic pneumonia (EP) caused by Mh in Kailali and Kanchanpur Districts of Nepal. The herd level information of the site was gathered using standardized questionnaire survey. A total of 184 porcine serum samples were collected randomly and tested by using competitive ELISA targeting anti-Mh antibodies. Of the total 184, 42 samples were tested positive resulting overall sero-prevalence of 22.83%. The husbandry practices, modern and semi-conventional, continuous and all-in all-out systems were found as the potential risk factors of EP in pigs. Significantly higher risk was observed in continuous production system (32%) as compared to all-in all-out (11.11%). Likewise, pen partitioning was also found to be associated with increased risk of the disease occurrence. Higher prevalence was observed in pigs in semisolid partition (34.95%) compared to solid partition (18.18%), improved breeds (27.46%) compared to local breeds (7.14%), and highest among growing age group (36.36%) than in the rest of the others. Thus, consideration of environmental and management factors for the prevention EP transmission in commercial pig farms is suggested.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank participating farmers and staffs of Animal Science Research Division of Nepal Agricultural Research Council.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA

    Narayan Acharya

  2. District Livestock Service Office (DLSO), Jumla, Nepal

    Keshav Bhatta

  3. Nepal Agriculture Research Council (NARC), Kathmandu, Nepal

    Meera Prajapati

  4. Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal

    Sujan Sapkota

  5. Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Pokhara, Nepal

    Krishna Prasad Acharya

Authors
  1. Narayan Acharya
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  2. Keshav Bhatta
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  3. Meera Prajapati
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  4. Sujan Sapkota
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  5. Krishna Prasad Acharya
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Correspondence to Krishna Prasad Acharya.

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Ethical statement

All the processes involving animals followed the international guiding principles listed by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences and the international Council for laboratory animals (2012). Nepal has no established system for ethical approval of animal experiments. No animals were harmed during the sample collection.

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Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.

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Acharya, N., Bhatta, K., Prajapati, M. et al. Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in Kailali and Kanchanpur District of Far Western, Nepal. Comp Clin Pathol 28, 977–983 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2865-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2865-4

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