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From folding to transpressional faulting: the Cenozoic Fusha structural belt in front of the Western Kunlun Orogen, northwestern Tibetan Plateau

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Abstract

Fusha structural belt (FSB) is one of the most important tectonic units in front of the Western Kunlun Orogen, northwestern Tibetan Plateau (NW China), in which the Kekeya oil field was discovered in 1971. However, there is no new oil field discovered since then due to the unclarity of the intense and complex Cenozoic deformation in this area. Based on field investigation, seismic interpretation and Continuous Electromagnetic Profile data, we analyze in detail the Cenozoic deformation history, emphasizing on the spatial and temporal variation of the deformation of the FSB in this paper. The result suggests that the FSB was dominated by two deformation events, (1) early (Miocene–early Pliocene) folding event expressed by anticline, with the western segment E–W orienting, while the eastern segment NWW–SEE orienting and (2) later (since late Pliocene) transpressional faulting event that destroyed and divided the earlier anticline into a number of fault blocks. The transpressional faulting caused dextral strike-slip reverse fault, with the dip angles decreasing eastward from ~90° to <45°. The dextral strike-slip reverse fault developed in the core of the anticline in the western part which caused the anticline into several fault blocks, while in the eastern part, the fault developed in the north limb of the anticline with the core of the anticline reserved. Based on the spatial variation of structural characteristics, we propose that the fault block traps and anticline traps in the eastern segment and fault block traps in western segment are favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41472181, 41330207, 41102128 and 41072154), the National S&T Major Project (Grant Nos. 2011ZX05009-001 and 2011ZX05003-002) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. We thank Prof. D. Jia, H.B. Li and another anonymous reviewer for comments which significantly improved the manuscript.

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  1. School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China

    Cong Wang, Xiao-Gan Cheng, Han-Lin Chen, Kang Li, Xiao-Gen Fan & Chun-Yang Wang

  2. Research Center for Structures in Oil and Gas Basin, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China

    Cong Wang, Xiao-Gan Cheng, Han-Lin Chen, Kang Li, Xiao-Gen Fan & Chun-Yang Wang

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  1. Cong Wang
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Correspondence to Xiao-Gan Cheng.

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Wang, C., Cheng, XG., Chen, HL. et al. From folding to transpressional faulting: the Cenozoic Fusha structural belt in front of the Western Kunlun Orogen, northwestern Tibetan Plateau. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 105, 1621–1636 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-016-1305-4

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