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Are probiotics detectable in human feces after oral uptake by healthy volunteers?

Sind Probiotika nach der oralen Aufnahme auch im Stuhl vorhanden?

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Zusammenfassung

ZIEL: Analyse der Anwesenheit von kommerziellen Probiotika in Stuhl nach oraler Aufnahme. HINTERGRUND: Probiotika wird häufig ein günstiger Effekt auf die Gesundheit nachgesagt. Eine Bedingung für jeglichen Effekt ist dabei das Überleben von Bakterien während der gastrointestinalen Passage. STUDIE: Nach einer einwöchigen oralen Aufnahme von sechs kommerziellen Probiotikapräparaten [E.coli Nissle 0.5–5 × 109 (Mutaflor®), Enterococcus faecium SF 68 7.5 × 107 (Bioflorin®), Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis both 1 × 109 (Infloran®), Lactobacillus gasseri 108 and Bifidobacterium longum 108 (Omniflora®), Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus 109 (Antibiophilus®), und Yoghurt welches mittels Lactobacillus casei "immunitass" 1010 angereichert wurde (Actimel®)] wurde die An- bzw. Abwesenheit der ausgewiesenen Keime im Stuhl untersucht. Dabei wurden von jeder Stuhlprobe 10 Kolonien untersucht. Nach der DNA Extraktion kam die randomisierte Amplifikation polymorpher DNA zum Einsatz (RAPD). Danach wurden die RAPD Ergebnisse der Probiotikakeime direkt aus der kommerziellen Präparation mit den gewonnenen Stuhlisolaten verglichen. RESULTATE: Identische RAPD Ergebnisse zu den aufgenommenen Probiotika fand man bei den Stuhlproben von 4/7 Personen nach einer Woche Mutaflor®, bei 4/6 nach Bioflorin®, bei 1/6 nach Infloran®. Nach der Einahme von Antibiophilus®, Omniflora® oder Actimel® war eine Kultur von Bakterien der selben Species in Stuhlproben nicht möglich. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNG: Nach der oralen Einnahme von probiotischen E. coli und Enterokokken können die selben Erreger in Stuhlproben in 57 bzw 67% der studierten Population gefunden werden. Im Gegensatz dazu können oral aufgenommene Laktobazillen oder Bifidobakterien im Stuhl nicht gefunden werden.

Summary

GOALS: Assessment of the presence of probiotic bacteria in feces after oral ingestion. BACKGROUND: Probiotic bacteria are said to have beneficial effects on the host. As a precondition for any effect, probiotic strains must survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract. STUDY: The feces of seven volunteers were analyzed for the presence of probiotic strains after one week's oral ingestion of each of six commercially available products: E. coli Nissle 0.5–5 × 109 cells (Mutaflor®), Enterococcus faecium SF 68 7.5 × 107 cells (Bioflorin®), Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis both 1 × 109 cells (Infloran®), Lactobacillus gasseri and Bifidobacterium longum both 1 × 108 cells (Omniflora®), Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus 1 × 109 cells (Antibiophilus®), and yoghurt enriched with Lactobacillus casei Immunitas 1 × 1010 cells (Actimel®). Ten colonies were selected from each stool sample, and DNA was extracted and typed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Typing patterns of the ingested probiotics and the fecal isolates were compared. RESULTS: Fingerprints identical to the ingested probiotic strains were recovered from fecal samples of 4/7 volunteers after one week of Mutaflor®, from 4/6 after taking Bioflorin®, and from 1/6 after Infloran®. Cultivation of strains of the same species from fecal specimens was negative after consumption of Antibiophilus®, Omniflora® and Actimel®. CONCLUSIONS: After oral consumption of probiotics, E. coli and enterococci could be detected in stool samples (57% and 67%, respectively). In contrast, with only one exception, ingested lactobacilli and bifidobacteria could not be detected in human feces.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 4. Medizinische Abteilung mit Infektions- und Tropenmedizin, SMZ-Süd-Kaiser Franz Josef Spital, Vienna, Austria

    Martina Prilassnig & Christoph Wenisch

  2. Department of Hospital Hygiene, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Florian Daxboeck

  3. Institute of Hygiene, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Gebhard Feierl

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  1. Martina Prilassnig
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  2. Christoph Wenisch
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  3. Florian Daxboeck
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  4. Gebhard Feierl
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Correspondence to Christoph Wenisch.

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Prilassnig, M., Wenisch, C., Daxboeck, F. et al. Are probiotics detectable in human feces after oral uptake by healthy volunteers?. Wien Klin Wochenschr 119, 456–462 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-007-0808-1

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