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Associations of ambient PM2.5 and O3 with cardiovascular mortality: a time-series study in Hefei, China

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Abstract

China is among the countries with the worst air quality throughout the world. As PM2.5 was not included in the national air quality monitoring network before January 2013 in China, no study has investigated the associations of ambient PM2.5 and O3 with cardiovascular mortality in Hefei, China. In this time-series analysis, Poisson regression in generalized additive model was adopted to assess the associations between the air pollutants and cardiovascular mortality during the 2013–2015 in Hefei, China. The findings showed that the daily average level of PM2.5 and O3 was 77.8 μg/m3 and 60.1 μg/m3 in the study period, respectively. PM2.5 and O3 exposure tended to increase cardiovascular mortality, but the associations were statistically insignificant. Further stratified analyses by seasons showed that with every 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the cold season (October–March), the risk of cardiovascular death increased by 0.22% (95% CI 0.05%, 0.39%); while every 10 μg/m3 increase of O3 in the warm season (April–September), the risk of cardiovascular death increased by 1.29% (95% CI 0.26%, 2.33%) on Lag0. Interestingly, stratified analysis by gender showed that the associations of PM2.5, but not O3 exposure, could significantly increase cardiovascular mortality in females, but not males. The findings of this study especially underscored the adverse associations of PM2.5 and O3 exposure with females in specific seasons. More studies are needed to verify our findings and further investigate the underlying mechanisms.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank all the staff members at the Hefei Centre for Disease Control and Prevention of Anhui for their strong support of this study.

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (no. 1708085MH220), the Project Foundation for the Young Talents in Colleges of Anhui Province (no. gxyq2017003), and the Grant for Scientific Research of BSKY from Anhui Medical University (no. XJ201621).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China

    Han Cheng, Furong Zhu, Ruoqian Lei, Chaowei Shen, Jie Liu, Rui Ding & Jiyu Cao

  2. Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China

    Mei Yang

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  1. Han Cheng
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Correspondence to Rui Ding or Jiyu Cao.

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First author: Han Cheng

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Cheng, H., Zhu, F., Lei, R. et al. Associations of ambient PM2.5 and O3 with cardiovascular mortality: a time-series study in Hefei, China. Int J Biometeorol 63, 1437–1447 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-019-01766-2

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