Abstract
Does mistletoe infestation influence the position of the dry range limit of oaks? We explored this question and our results contrast most earlier findings on host-mistletoe interaction. The study was located in the SE Himalayas in an environment with 200–360 mm annual precipitation falling mainly during the short monsoon season (hardly any rain during 9–10 month). The hemi-parasite species (HPs) Loranthus delavayi and Taxillus thibetensis are growing on Quercus pannosa s.l. at its drought-driven range limit. HPs mostly exhibited lower shoot water potentials than their hosts during both, the dry and the wet season. During the dry season, leaf conductance (gl) of the HPs was very low (100–200 mmol m−2 s−1) and mostly lower than in their host. During the wet season, both HPs and oaks reached high gl (up to c. 500 mmol m−2 s−1) with higher in HP or no clear differentiation. Leaf δ13C in HPs was lower than in the host, suggesting a small limitation of CO2 uptake by gl. Both HPs had higher foliage potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) and similar nitrogen (N) content than the host. Thus, counter to abundant literature, HPs consumed extra water (and dissolved nutrients) mainly during the wet season, not adding extra stress to their host trees under extreme drought. Both host trees and mistletoes track the monsoon regime, with peak activity confined to the brief moist period. Under these semi-arid conditions, mistletoes thus, do not seem to affect the drought-driven range limit of these oaks.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Günter Hoch (Basel) for facilitating the NSC analysis, Daniel Nelson (Basel) for stable isotope data and Zhi-Jia Gu (Kunming) for the scanning electron microscope images. We also thank Zhu-Wei Xiao (Kunming), Hong-Hua Shi (Kunming) for their helps in the field, the Deqen Meteorological station for sharing their data.
Funding
This work was supported by the Ten-thousand Talents Program of Yunnan Province (YNWR-QNBJ-2018-318 to YY), Young Academic and Technical Leader Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province (2018HB065 to YY) and the Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project (2018FA015 to YY).
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Communicated by Arthur Gessler.
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He, XF., Wang, SW., Körner, C. et al. Water and nutrient relations of mistletoes at the drought limit of their hosting evergreen oaks in the semiarid upper Yangtze region, SW China. Trees 35, 387–394 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-020-02039-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-020-02039-x