Abstract
Over the last decade, genome-wide association studies led to major advances in identifying human genetic variants associated with infectious disease susceptibility. On the pathogen side, comparable methods are now applied to identify disease-modulating pathogen variants. As host and pathogen variants jointly determine disease outcomes, the most recent development has been to explore simultaneously host and pathogen genomes, through so-called genome-to-genome studies. In this review, we provide some background on the development of genome-to-genome analysis and we detail the first wave of studies in this emerging field, which focused on patients chronically infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus. We also discuss the need for novel statistical methods to better tackle the issues of population stratification and multiple testing. Finally, we speculate on future research areas where genome-to-genome analysis may prove to be particularly effective.
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Fellay, J., Pedergnana, V. Exploring the interactions between the human and viral genomes. Hum Genet 139, 777–781 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-019-02089-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-019-02089-3