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Unilateral congenital malformations of middle ear with intact external ear: a review of 64 cases

  • Otology
  • Published:
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To describe the operative findings and surgical results of unilateral congenital middle ear malformations with intact external ear.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed on 64 patients with unilateral congenital middle ear malformations and intact external ear who underwent exploratory tympanotomy from 2011 to 2016. Demographic data, clinical data, high-resolution computed tomography findings, audiometric data and intraoperative findings were collected. Audiological evaluations before and 6 months after surgery were analyzed in 47 patients.

Results

The most common malformation were mobile stapes with missing incus long process and stapes suprastructure. The air conduction pure tone average was 58.9 ± 10.5 dB HL (range 34.4–78.1 dB HL) preoperatively and 28.8 ± 10.6 dB HL (range 9.4–55.6 dB HL) postoperatively (P = 0.000). Twenty-five cases (53.2%) acquired an air conduction hearing gain exceeding 30 dB. Mean air-bone gap (ABG) was 44.5 ± 9.4 dB (range 22.5–66.4 dB HL) before surgery and 15.6 ± 9.3 dB (range 0–35.6 dB) after surgery (P = 0.000) for an average gain of 28.8 ± 11.5 dB. Thirty-four cases (72.3%) showed a postoperative ABG of less than 20 dB, 15 had an ABG within 10 dB, and 4 had 0 dB ABG after operation. No significant difference was observed for air conduction hearing gain regarding age (P = 0.261) or types of malformations (mobile stapes footplate with or without a suprastructure anomaly, P = 0.058).

Conclusion

Unilateral congenital middle ear malformations with intact external ear can be complex and diverse. Functional ossiculoplasty for patients with unilateral congenital middle ear malformations can achieve good hearing outcomes.

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China, code: 81470683. National Natural Science Foundation of China, code: 81770992.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China

    Chaoying Tang, Jishuai Zhang, Shiming Yang, Dongyi Han & Weiju Han

  2. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, 572014, People’s Republic of China

    Weiju Han

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  1. Chaoying Tang
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  2. Jishuai Zhang
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  3. Shiming Yang
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  4. Dongyi Han
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Each of the authors has contributed to reading and approving this manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Weiju Han.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Tang, C., Zhang, J., Yang, S. et al. Unilateral congenital malformations of middle ear with intact external ear: a review of 64 cases. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 275, 2467–2472 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-018-5099-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-018-5099-9

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