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The presence of tryptase-positive and bikunin-negative mast cells in psoriatic skin lesions

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Abstract

Human mast cells are well known to produce a serine protease, tryptase, which appears to play a pathogenic role in various skin inflammations. It was previously reported that a rat homologue of bikunin may inhibit tryptase activity. Various type of cells (i.e. keratinocytes) are able to produce this protein inhibitor, it still remains unclear if bikunin is present in dermal inflammatory milieu, in which mast cells, through secretion of tryptase, play an inflammatory role. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to exploit expression and production of bikunin in dermis and dermal constituents. We first compared the dermal mast cells in psoriatic lesions with those in lesional skin of atopic dermatitis or of chronic eczema by use of immunoelectron microscopy and immunohistochemical analyses using antibodies to bikunin and tryptase. Then, we tested what kinds of cytokines may regulate the de novo synthesis of bikunin. To do so, RNA was extracted from a human mastocytic cell line, HMC-1, reverse-transcribed, and semiquantitative RT-PCR was performed using primers specific for bikunin. With immunoelectron microscopy, bikunin was found to localize on the cell membrane, while tryptase was in the secretary granules of the mast cells. In psoriatic lesions, around 70% of dermal mast cells were positive for both tryptase and bikunin, and the remaining was mostly positive for tryptase, but the expression of bikunin was under the detection limit of the experimental setting. This observation was seen in only psoriatic lesions, even in almost cured lesions, while in atopic dermatitis or chronic eczema only mast cells doubly positive for bikuin and tryptase were seen. In HMC-1, bikunin was constitutively expressed at an mRNA level, which was upregulated by stimulation with interleukine-4, but was suppressed by interferon-γ. Bearing in mind the concept that in psoriasis local cytokine milieu is shifted toward a Th1 pattern (predominant secretion of interferon-γ), tryptase-positive, bikunin-negative mast cells may be induced.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan

    Mohammad Said Ashenagar, Kazuko Sugihara, Rieko Isogai, Masae Takahashi, Kinuyo Aisu, Akira Horiuchi & Akira Kawada

  2. Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany

    Akira Maeda

  3. Dermatology Section, International Tougenkai Institute for Immunotherapy and Phototherapy of the Skin, 1-7-18 Itachibori, Nishi-ku, 550-0012, Osaka, Japan

    Yoshinori Aragane

  4. Department of Dermatology, Nakatsu Hifuka Clinic, Osaka, Japan

    Tadashi Tezuka

Authors
  1. Mohammad Said Ashenagar
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  2. Kazuko Sugihara
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  3. Akira Maeda
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  4. Rieko Isogai
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  5. Masae Takahashi
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  6. Kinuyo Aisu
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  7. Akira Horiuchi
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  8. Yoshinori Aragane
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  9. Akira Kawada
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  10. Tadashi Tezuka
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Correspondence to Yoshinori Aragane.

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Ashenagar, M.S., Sugihara, K., Maeda, A. et al. The presence of tryptase-positive and bikunin-negative mast cells in psoriatic skin lesions. Arch Dermatol Res 298, 421–426 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-006-0704-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-006-0704-y

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