Abstract
A unique dataset of 53-year (1961–2013) rainfall measurements from 104 stations uniformly distributed in the Northeast China, combined with the observation-based NCEP/NCAR atmospheric reanalysis, is used to analyze the precipitation anomalies in Northeast China during late boreal summer (July–August) and their relationship with the anomalous moisture transport associated with the fluctuations of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) circulation. Based on this analysis, a new EASM influence index (I EASM ) is proposed to quantify the EASM effects on the Northeast China summer precipitation. The relationship between the IEASM variations and patterns of the anomalous regional atmospheric circulation is demonstrated. The characteristics of several precursors that lead to the major fluctuations of the I EASM index are also explored. The results show that the EASM influence index is closely linked to the anomalous rainfall in Northeast China and can be used as a major factor to measure the physical processes that affect the regional dry and wet conditions. The I EASM index responds to the large-scale anomalies of the atmospheric circulation sensitively. Specifically, the high I EASM values are associated with the intensified Mongolia cyclone, blocking developing near the Ural Mountains and a northwestward shift of subtropical high over the western Pacific. The low I EASM values are associated with a reversed pattern of these features. The I EASM anomalous fluctuation has some precursors. A major high (low) index during the summer is likely preceded with the pattern of the sea surface temperature anomalies of an El Niño (La Niña) event in the Pacific from the previous early fall to early winter.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ailikun B, Yasunari T (2001) ENSO and Asian summer monsoon: persistence and transitivity in the seasonal march. J Meteor Soc Japan 79:145–159. doi:10.2151/jmsj.79.145
Ding YH (1992) Summer monsoon rainfalls in China. J Meteor Soc Japan 70:373–396
Gao Z, Hu Z-Z, Zhu J, Yang S, Zhang R, Xiao Z, Jha B (2014a) Variability of summer rainfall in Northeast China and its connection with spring rainfall variability in the Huang-Huai region and Indian Ocean SST. J Clim 27:7086–7101. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00217.1
Gao Z, Hu Z-Z, Jha B, Yang S, Zhu J, Shen B, Zhang R (2014b) Variability and predictability of Northeast China climate during 1948–2012. Clim Dyn 43:787–804. doi:10.1007/s00382-013-1944-0
Guo Q, Wang J (1981) Interannual variations of rain spell during predominant summer monsoon over China for recent thirty years. Acta Geogr Sin 36:187–195
Huang R, Wu Y (1989) The influence of ENSO on the summer climate change in China and its mechanism. Adv Atmos Sci 6(1):21–32. doi:10.1007/BF02656915
Huang R, Zhou L, Chen W (2003) The progresses of recent studies on the variabilities of the East Asian Monsoon and their causes. Adv Atmos Sci 20:55–69. doi:10.1007/BF03342050
Huang R, Chen W, Yang B et al (2004) Recent advances in studies of the interaction between the East Asian winter and summer monsoons and ENSO cycle. Adv Atmos Sci 21:407–424. doi:10.1007/BF02915568
Huang R, Chen J, Huang G (2007) Characteristics and variations of the East Asian Monsoon system and its impacts on climate disasters in China. Adv Atmos Sci 24:993–1023. doi:10.1007/s00376-007-0993-x
Kalnay E, Kanamitsu M, Kistler R et al (1996) The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull Amer Meteor Soc 77:437–471
Lian Y, Shen B, Gao Z et al (2003) The study of the on-set criterion and the date of East Asian Summer Monsoon in Northeast China and its main characteristic analysis. Acta Meteorol Sin 61:548–558. doi:10.11676/qxxb2003.055 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu R, Lin Z, Zhang Y (2013) Variability of the East Asian upper-tropospheric jet in summer and its impacts on the East Asian Monsoon. Chinese J Atmos Sci 37(2):331–340. doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.12310 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Nitta T (1987) Convective activities in the tropical western Pacific and their impact on the Northern Hemisphere summer circulation. J Meteorol Soc Japan 65:373–390
Nitta T, Hu Z-Z (1996) Summer climate variability in China and its association with 500 hPa height and tropical convection. J Meteorol Soc Japan 74:425–445
Shen BZ, Lin ZD, Lu RY et al (2011) Circulation anomalies associated with interannual variation of early- and late-summer precipitation in Northeast China. Sci China Earth Sci 54:1095–1104. doi:10.1007/s11430-011-4173-6
Smith TM, Reynolds RW, Peterson TC et al (2008) Improvement to NOAA's historical merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis (1880–2006). J Clim 21:2283–2296
Sun L, An G, Ding L, Shen B (2000a) A climatic analysis of summer precipitation features and anomaly in Northeast China. Acta Meteorol Sin 58:70–82. doi:10.11676/qxxb2000.007 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun L, An G, Lian Y et al (2000b) A study of the persistent activity of Northeast cold vortex in summer and its general circulation anomaly characteristics. Acta Meteorol Sin 58:704–714. doi:10.11676/qxxb2000.071 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun L, An G, Tang X (2003) Relationship between the Northeast Asian summer south wind anomaly and the precipitation in Northeast China. Chin J Atmos Sci 27:425–434. doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2003.03.12 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun L, Shen B, Gao Z et al (2007) The impacts of moisture transport of East Asian Monsoon on summer precipitation in Northeast China. Adv Atmos Sci 24:606–618. doi:10.1007/s00376-007-0606-8
Sun L, Shen B, Sui B (2010) A study on water vapor transport and budget of heavy rain in Northeast China. Adv Atmos Sci 27:1399–1414. doi:10.1007/s00376-010-9087-2
Tao S, Chen L (1987) A review of recent research on the East Asian Summer monsoon in China, monsoon meterology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 60–92
Tao S, Zhang Q (1998) Response of the Asian winter and summer monsoon to ENSO events. Chin J Atmos Sci 22:399–407. doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1998.04.02 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang B, Zhang Q (2002) Pacific-East Asian teleconnection, PartII: How the Philippine Sea anomalous anticyclone is established during El Nino development. J Clim 15:3252–3265
Wang B, Wu R, Fu X (2000) Pacific-East Asian teleconnection: How does ENSO affect East Asian climate? J Clim 13:1517–1536. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1517:PEATHD>2.0.CO;2
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen J (2001a) An East Asian summer monsoon index in description of Meiyu phenomenon. Clim Environ Res 6(2):146–152. doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2001.02.02 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Y, Wang B, Oh J-H (2001b) Impact of the preceding El Nino on the East Asian summer atmospheric circulation. J Meteor Soc Japan 79:575–588. doi:10.2151/jmsj.79.575
Wang X, He J, Lian Y (2013) Effect of the previous anomalous heat content in the western Pacific warm pool on the summer rainfall over northeast China. Acta Meteorol Sin 71:305–317. doi:10.11676/qxxb2013.024 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu R, Hu Z-Z, Kirtman BP (2003) Evolution of ENSO-related rainfall anomalies in East Asia. J Clim 16:3742–3758
Wu B, Zang R, Wang B et al (2009) On the association between Spring Arctic sea ice concentration and Chinese summer rainfall. Geophys Res Lett 36:666–678. doi:10.1029/2009GL037299
Zhang R, Sumi A, Kimoto M (1996) Impact of El Niño on the East Asian monsoon: a diagnostic study of the 86/87 and 91/92 events. J Meteor Soc Japan 74(1):49–62
Zhang R, Sumi A, Kimoto M (1999) A diagnostic study of the impact of El Nino on the precipitation in China. Adv Atmos Sci 16:229–241. doi:10.1007/BF02973084
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, L., Shen, B., Sui, B. et al. The influences of East Asian Monsoon on summer precipitation in Northeast China. Clim Dyn 48, 1647–1659 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3165-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3165-9