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Evaluation of the New Dynamic Global Vegetation Model in CAS-ESM

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Abstract

In the past several decades, dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) have been the most widely used and appropriate tool at the global scale to investigate vegetation–climate interactions. At the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, a new version of DGVM (IAP-DGVM) has been developed and coupled to the Common Land Model (CoLM) within the framework of the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Earth System Model (CAS-ESM). This work reports the performance of IAP-DGVM through comparisons with that of the default DGVM of CoLM (CoLM-DGVM) and observations. With respect to CoLMDGVM, IAP-DGVM simulated fewer tropical trees, more “needleleaf evergreen boreal tree” and “broadleaf deciduous boreal shrub”, and a better representation of grasses. These contributed to a more realistic vegetation distribution in IAP-DGVM, including spatial patterns, total areas, and compositions. Moreover, IAP-DGVM also produced more accurate carbon fluxes than CoLM-DGVM when compared with observational estimates. Gross primary productivity and net primary production in IAP-DGVM were in better agreement with observations than those of CoLM-DGVM, and the tropical pattern of fire carbon emissions in IAP-DGVM was much more consistent with the observation than that in CoLM-DGVM. The leaf area index simulated by IAP-DGVM was closer to the observation than that of CoLM-DGVM; however, both simulated values about twice as large as in the observation. This evaluation provides valuable information for the application of CAS-ESM, as well as for other model communities in terms of a comparative benchmark.

摘 要

在过去的几十年, 全球植被动力学模式(DGVM)已经被广泛地应用, 且成为在全球尺度上研究植被–气候相互作用非常合适的工具. 在中国科学院大气物理研究所, 新版本的全球植被动力学模式(IAP-DGVM)已经建立, 且在中国科学院地球系统模式(CAS-ESM)的框架下已与陆表过程模式(CoLM)耦合. 本文通过与CoLM默认的DGVM(CoLM-DGVM), 观测的对比来评估IAP-DGVM的性能. 相对CoLM-DGVM, IAP-DGVM模拟了更少的热带树, 更多的寒带针叶常绿树和寒带阔叶落叶灌木以及更合理的草. 这些特征导致IAP-DGVM模拟了更真实的植被分布, 包括空间分布形态, 总的面积和组成. 除此之外, 参照于观测, IAP-DGVM模拟的碳通量比CoLM-DGVM的更加准确. IAP-DGVM模拟的总初级生产力和净初级生产力比CoLM-DGVM的更和观测一致, 而且相比于CoLM-DGVM, IAP-DGVM模拟的热带地区的火碳排放也和观测更加相像. 相对于CoLM-DGVM, IAP-DGVM模拟的叶面积指数也与观测更加接近. 但是, 两者模拟的叶面积指数的值都比观测大两倍. 本文的评估不仅为CAS-ESM的应用者提供有价值的信息, 也为其他模式团体提供比较的参考.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Major Research High Performance Computing Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFB02008) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 41705070). Fang LI and Xiang SONG are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers 41475099 and 41305096).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Jiawen Zhu, Xiaodong Zeng, Minghua Zhang, Fang Li, He Zhang & Xiang Song

  2. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Xiaodong Zeng

  3. School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, NY, 11790, USA

    Minghua Zhang

  4. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China

    Yongjiu Dai

  5. College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Duoying Ji & Qian Zhang

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  1. Jiawen Zhu
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Zhu, J., Zeng, X., Zhang, M. et al. Evaluation of the New Dynamic Global Vegetation Model in CAS-ESM. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 35, 659–670 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-017-7154-7

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