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Recovery from discrete wound severities in side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana): implications for energy budget, locomotor performance, and oxidative stress

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Abstract

Wounding events (predation attempts, competitive combat) result in injuries and/or infections that induce integrated immune responses for the recovery process. Despite the survival benefits of immunity in this context, the costs incurred may require investment to be diverted from traits contributing to immediate and/or future survival, such as locomotor performance and oxidative status. Yet, whether trait constraints manifest likely depends on wound severity and the implications for energy budget. For this study, food intake, body mass, sprint speed, and oxidative indices (reactive oxygen metabolites, antioxidant capacity) were monitored in male side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) healing from cutaneous wounds of discrete sizes (control, small, large). Results indicate that larger wounds induced faster healing, reduced food consumption, and led to greater oxidative stress over time. Granted wounding did not differentially affect body mass or sprint speed overall, small-wounded lizards with greater wound area healed had faster sprint speeds while large-wounded lizards with greater wound area healed had slower sprint speeds. During recovery from either wound severity, however, healing and sprint performance did not correspond with food consumption, body mass loss, nor oxidative status. These findings provide support that energy budget, locomotor performance, and oxidative status of a reptile are linked to wound recovery to an extent, albeit dependent on wound severity.

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https://doi.org/10.26078/XM4Q-FP37

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Acknowledgements

Andrew Durso, Marilize Van der Walt and Holly Flann were instrumental to lizard-catching and blood sample collection. Holly Flann, Justine Lamm, and Fallon Moore facilitated quality animal husbandry and data collection in the laboratory. Eleanor Watson analyzed wound photographs. Geoffrey Smith and Megen Kepas provided constructive feedback on early versions of the manuscript.

Funding

The National Science Foundation (IOS)-1350070 and the Utah State University Ecology Center provided support with lab expenses and travel funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA

    Spencer B. Hudson, Emily E. Virgin, Edmund D. Brodie Jr & Susannah S. French

  2. Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322‑5205, USA

    Spencer B. Hudson, Emily E. Virgin & Susannah S. French

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  1. Spencer B. Hudson
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  2. Emily E. Virgin
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  3. Edmund D. Brodie Jr
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  4. Susannah S. French
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Contributions

SBH, EDB, and SSF conceived the ideas and designed methodology; SBH and EEV collected and assayed the samples; SBH led the data analyses and writing of the manuscript; All authors contributed critically to the drafts and gave final approval for publication.

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Correspondence to Spencer B. Hudson.

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There are no competing interests among those involved with this experiment.

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Communicated by K.H. Dausmann.

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Hudson, S.B., Virgin, E.E., Brodie, E.D. et al. Recovery from discrete wound severities in side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana): implications for energy budget, locomotor performance, and oxidative stress. J Comp Physiol B 191, 531–543 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-021-01347-z

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