Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of substrate on texture and mechanical properties of Mg–Cu–Zn thin films

  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, thin films of Mg–Cu–Zn with 60 nm thicknesses have been deposited on the Si(100), Al, stainless steel, and Cu substrates using DC magnetron sputtering. FESEM images displayed uniformity of Mg–Cu–Zn particles on the different substrates. AFM micrograph revealed the roughness of thin film changes due to the different kinds of the substrates. XRD measurements showed the existence of strong Mg (002) reflections and weak Mg (101) peaks. Residual stress and adhesion force have been measured as the mechanical properties of the Mg–Cu–Zn thin films. The residual stresses of thin films which have been investigated by X-ray diffraction method revealed that the thin films sputtered on the Si and Cu substrates endure minimum and maximum stresses, respectively, during the deposition process. However, the force spectroscopy analysis indicated that the films grew on the Si and Cu experienced maximum and minimum adhesion force. The texture analysis has been done using XRD instrument to make pole figures of Mg (002) and Mg (101) reflections. ODFs have been calculated to evaluate the distribution of the orientations within the thin films. It was found that the texture and stress have an inverse relation, while the texture and the adhesion force of the Mg–Cu–Zn thin films have direct relation. A thin film that sustains the lowest residual stresses and highest adhesive force had the strongest {001} basal fiber texture.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W. Zhang, J. Mao, S. Li, Z. Chen, Z. Guo, Phosphorus-based alloy materials for advanced potassium-ion battery anode. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139, 3316–3319 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. H. Shirai, M.T. Nguyen, D. Čempel, H. Tsukamoto, T. Tokunaga, Y.-Ch Liao, T. Yonezawa, Preparation of Au/Pd bimetallic nanoparticles by a microwave-induced plasma in liquid process. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn 90, 279–285 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. D.B. Miracle, O.N. Senkov, A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts. Acta Mater. 122, 448–511 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. C.V. Thompson, Structure evolution during processing of polycrystalline films. Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 30, 159 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. I. Petrov, P.B. Barna, L. Hultman, J.E. Greene, Microstructural evolution during film growth. J. Vac. Sci. Tech. A 21, 117 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. K.P. Almtoft, D. thesis, Structural Characterization of Nanocrystalline Thin Films Grown by Magnetron Sputtering, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Aarhus, (2006)

  7. R. Carel, D. thesis, “Grain growth and texture evolution in thin films”, Massachusettes Institute of Technology, (1995)

  8. O. Padalka, D. thesis, On the relation between properties and microstructure of new Mg based alloys and their composites for advanced structural applications, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Prague, (2008)

  9. M.K. Kulekci, Magnesium and its alloys applications in automotive industry”. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 39, 851–865 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J. Hirsch, T. Al-Samman, Superior light metals by texture engineering: Optimized aluminum and magnesium alloys for automotive applications”. Acta Mater. 61, 818–843 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. S.J. Chung, A. Roy, D. Hong, J.P. Leonard, P.N. Kumta, Microstructure of Mg–Zn–Ca thin film derived by pulsed laser deposition”. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 176, 1690–1694 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Fu, Q. Li, X. Jing, Q. Zhang, Z. Chen, W. Liu, Review on research and development of heat resistant Magnesium alloy, Proc. Int. Conf. Mech. Eng. Mater. Sci, (MEMS 2012) 611–614

  13. Y. Pan, S. He, D. Wang, D. Huang, T. Zheng, S. Wang, P. Dong, C. Chen, In vitro degradation and electrochemical corrosion evaluations of microarc oxidized pure Mg, Mg–Ca and Mg–Ca–Zn alloys for biomedical applications, Mater. Sci. Eng. C (2014)

  14. M.C. Li, S.S. Xin, M.Y. Wu, Electrodeposition behavior of Mg with Zn from acidic sulfate solutions”. J. Solid State Electr. 14, 2235–2240 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Y.C. Lo, J.C. Huang, C.L. Chen, S.P. Ju, H.S. Chou, X.H. Du, M.C. Liu, C.N. Kuo, Atomic simulation of vitrification transformation in Mg–Cu thin film. J. Comput. Theor. Nanos. 5, 1–5 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. H.S. Chou, J.C. Huang, Y.H. Lai, L.W. Chang, X.H. Du, J.P. Chu, T.G. Nieh, Amorphous and nanocrystalline sputtered Mg–Cu thin films. J. Alloy. Compd. 483, 341–345 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Z. Ma, Y. Liu, L. Yu, Q. Cai, Investigation of phase composition and nanoscale microstructure of high-energy ball-milled MgCu sample. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 7, 390 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Rodríguez-Viejo, M. Gonzalez-Silveira, M.T. Clavaguera-Mora, Calorimetric and X-ray analysis of the intermediate phase formation in Cu/Mg multilayers. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 8, 4447–4453 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Shao, Y. wang, H. Xu, X. Li, Calorimetric and X-ray analysis of the intermediate phase formation in Cu/Mg multilayers, J. Solid State Chem. 2211–2217 (2005)

  20. J. Li, J.W. Strane, S.W. Russell, S.Q. Hong, J.W. Mayer, T.K. Marais, C.C. Theron, R. Pretorius, Observation and prediction of first phase formation in binary Cumetal thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 7,2810–2816 (1992)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Y.N. Wang, J.C. Huang, Texture analysis in hexagonal materials. Mater. Chem. Phys. 81, 11–26 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. K.P. Almtoft, “Structural Characterization of Nanocrystalline Thin Films Grown by Magnetron Sputtering”, PhD Thesis, (2006)

  23. F. Eshaghi, A. Zolanvari, Effect of high temperature and film thicknesses on the texture evolution in Ag thin films. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 163, 132 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Y. Zoo, T.L. Alford, Comparison of preferred orientation and stress in silver thin films on different substrates using X-ray diffraction. J. Appl. Phys. 101, 033505 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. F. Kurtuldu, E. Altuncu, Surface Wettability Properties of 304 Stainless Steel Treated by Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma System, 4th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science, Alanya/Antalya—Turkey, (2016)

  26. D.H. Prajitno, A. Maulana., D.G. Syarif, Effect of surface roughness on contact angle measurement of nanofluid on surface of stainless steel 304 by sessile drop method, J. Phys.: Conference Series 739, (2016) 012029

  27. K. Terpiłowski, L. Hołysz, D. Rymuszka, R. Banach, Comparison of contact angle measurement methods of liquids on metal alloys, Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska-Chemia, SECTIO AA, VOL. LXXI, 1, (2016)

  28. L. Hołysz, M. Mirosław, K. Terpiłowski, A. Szcześ, Influence of relative humidity on the wettability of silicon wafer surfaces, Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska-Chemia, SECTIO AA, VOL. LXIII, 18, (2008)

  29. C.J. Smithlls, E.A. Brands, metal reference Book, Butterworths London, 5th edn. (1976), pp. 975–980

  30. A.R. Shetty, A. Karimi, M. Cantoni, Effect of deposition angle on the structure and properties of pulsed-DC magnetron sputtered TiAlN thin films”. Thin Solid Films 519, 4262–4270 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. J.-M. Zhang, D.-D. Wang, K.-W. Xu, Calculation of the surface energy of hcp metals by using the modified embedded atom method”. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253, 2018–2024 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. D.M. Mattox, Management Plus, Inc., Albuquerque, NM, SVC Bulletin Spring 2016 “Adhesion, Interface Formation, and Stress in PVD Coatings”

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Mr. Tahmasbi from Training Center of Mashin Sazi Arak for preparing some materials.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran

    F. Eshaghi & A. Zolanvari

Authors
  1. F. Eshaghi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Zolanvari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Zolanvari.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Eshaghi, F., Zolanvari, A. Effect of substrate on texture and mechanical properties of Mg–Cu–Zn thin films. Appl. Phys. A 124, 318 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-018-1738-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-018-1738-7

Search

Navigation