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LysM1 in MmLYK2 is a motif required for the interaction of MmLYP1 and MmLYK2 in the chitin signaling

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Abstract

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Two LysM-containing proteins, namely, MmLYP1 and MmLYK2, were identified in mulberry. These proteins might be involved in chitin signaling. The LysM1 of MmLYK2 is critical for their interactions.

Abstract

Chitin is a major component of fungal cell walls and acts as an elicitor in plant innate immunity. Lysin motif (LysM)-containing proteins are essential for chitin recognition. However, related studies have been rarely reported in woody plants. In this study, in mulberry, the expression of a LysM-containing protein, MmLYP1, was significantly up-regulated after treatment with chitin and pathogenic fungi. In addition, MmLYP1 has an affinity for insoluble chitin polymers. Thus, MmLYP1 might function in chitin signaling. Since MmLYP1 lacks an intracellular domain, additional protein kinases are required for this signaling. An LysM-containing kinase, MmLYK2, was then identified. Expression of the MmLYK2 did not change significantly after chitin treatment, and the affinity of MmLYK2 for insoluble chitin was not high. The structure of MmLYP1 is similar to that of the chitin elicitor-binding proteins in rice and Arabidopsis. However, MmLYK2 has two LysM motifs, while the chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 proteins in rice and Arabidopsis have one and three LysM motifs, respectively. The LysM1 of MmLYK2 interacted with all four LysM motifs in MmLYP1 and MmLYK2 in yeast. The chimera lacking the LysM1 of MmLYK2 did not interact with MmLYP1 and MmLYK2 in yeast and Nicotiana benthamiana cells. The LysM1 in MmLYK2 is the key motif in the interaction between MmLYP1 and MmLYK2, which may be involved in chitin signaling.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No. 2013AA100605-3), Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31572323), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XDJK2015C116), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded projects (No. 2013M540694, No. 2014T70845, and No. 2016M592622), and the “111” Project (B12006).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China

    Zhiyuan Lv, Yan Huang, Bi Ma, Zhonghuai Xiang & Ningjia He

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  1. Zhiyuan Lv
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  2. Yan Huang
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  3. Bi Ma
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ZL, ZX, and NH designed the experiments; ZL and YH performed experiments; ZL and NH wrote the manuscript; ZL, YH, and BM analyzed the data.

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Correspondence to Ningjia He.

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Communicated by Baochun Li.

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Lv, Z., Huang, Y., Ma, B. et al. LysM1 in MmLYK2 is a motif required for the interaction of MmLYP1 and MmLYK2 in the chitin signaling. Plant Cell Rep 37, 1101–1112 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-018-2295-4

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