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CIRSE Standards of Practice on Analgesia and Sedation for Interventional Radiology in Adults

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Abstract

This CIRSE Standards of Practice document provides best practices for the safe administration of procedural sedation and analgesia for interventional radiology procedures in adults. The document is aimed at health professionals involved in the provision of sedation and analgesia during interventional radiology procedures. The document has been developed by a writing group consisting of physicians with internationally recognised expertise in interventional radiology, and analgesia and sedation.

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Funding

This study was not supported by any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Health Science Department, Section of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Stefano Romagnoli

  2. Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy

    Stefano Romagnoli & Francesco Barbani

  3. Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, “Careggi” University Hospital, Florence, Italy

    Fabrizio Fanelli

  4. Department of Radiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK

    Raman Uberoi

  5. Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, Spain

    Enrique Esteban

  6. Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont, Ireland

    Michael J. Lee

  7. Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Kingston Upon Hull, UK

    Peter Thomas Nielsen

  8. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Andreas H. Mahnken

  9. Department of Interventional Radiology, St George’s University of London, London, UK

    Robert Morgan

Authors
  1. Stefano Romagnoli
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  2. Fabrizio Fanelli
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  3. Francesco Barbani
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  4. Raman Uberoi
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  5. Enrique Esteban
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  6. Michael J. Lee
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  7. Peter Thomas Nielsen
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  8. Andreas H. Mahnken
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  9. Robert Morgan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fabrizio Fanelli.

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Conflict of interest

S Romagnoli received grants for consultancy and support for travel expenses, hotel accommodations and registration to meetings, from Baxter, B. Braun, Pall International, Orion Pharma, Medigas, Medtronic and Vygon. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Appendix: ASA recommendations for fasting before sedation, anaesthesia and procedures

Appendix: ASA recommendations for fasting before sedation, anaesthesia and procedures

  • Clear liquids may be ingested for up to 2 h before procedures requiring general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia, or procedural sedation and analgesia.

  • A light meal or non-human milk may be ingested for up to 6 h before elective procedures requiring general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia, or procedural sedation and analgesia.

  • Additional fasting time (e.g. 8 or more hours) may be needed in cases of patient intake of fried food, fatty food or meat.

  • Both the amount and type of food ingested must be taken into account when determining an appropriate fasting period.

  • Since non-human milk is similar to solids in gastric emptying time, consider the amount ingested when determining an appropriate fasting period.

  • In the case of urgent or emergent situations where gastric emptying is not possible, do not delay moderate procedural sedation procedure based on fasting time alone; this condition may require an anaesthetic involvement/referral.

  • Refer to the specific guideline for additional details [10].

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Romagnoli, S., Fanelli, F., Barbani, F. et al. CIRSE Standards of Practice on Analgesia and Sedation for Interventional Radiology in Adults. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 43, 1251–1260 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-020-02536-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-020-02536-z

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