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Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: 1-Year Follow-Up in 184 Patients

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Abstract

Background

Benign thyroid nodules are common, and must be treated when symptomatic. Non-surgical minimally invasive modalities, including radiofrequency ablation (RFA), have been widely used with good results. The factors related to the efficacy of RFA are still debated. This study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and related factors of RFA in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules.

Methods

A retrospective single-center study was conducted on 251 benign thyroid nodules in 184 patients treated with RFA. The procedure was performed under ultrasound (US) guidance using the trans-isthmic approach and the moving-shot technique. Clinical and US examinations were performed at 1, 3, 6, 12 months, and then at 6 month intervals. Study outcomes were volume reduction ratio (VRR) and complications.

Results

There were 153 women and 31 men included in the study. The mean age was 43.9 years. The median initial largest diameter and volume of nodules were 30 mm and 6.18 ml. The median length of follow-up was 12 months. Two minor complications were found. The mean VRR was 66.8; 74.3; and 81% after 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Initial solidity was a factor related to the efficacy: cystic nodules had higher VRR compared to solid ones.

Conclusions

RFA is safe, effective and can be used as a routine treatment for benign thyroid nodules. More prospective multicenter studies with long-term follow-up are required to improve the safety and efficacy of RFA.

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Author notes

  1. Authors Nguyen Lam Vuong and Le Quang Dinh have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Nguyen Lam Vuong

  2. Thoracic and Vascular Department, University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Nguyen Lam Vuong, Le Quang Dinh, Ho Tat Bang & Tran Thanh Vy

  3. Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Tran Thi Mai Thuy

  4. University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Nguyen Hoang Bac

  5. Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Tran Thanh Vy

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  1. Nguyen Lam Vuong
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Correspondence to Tran Thanh Vy.

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Vuong, N.L., Dinh, L.Q., Bang, H.T. et al. Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: 1-Year Follow-Up in 184 Patients. World J Surg 43, 2447–2453 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-019-05044-5

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