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Differentiation of gastric schwannomas from gastrointestinal stromal tumors by CT using machine learning

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Abstract

Objective

To identify schwannomas from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) by CT features using Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Trees (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT).

Methods

This study enrolled 49 patients with schwannomas and 139 with GISTs proven by pathology. CT features with P < 0.1 derived from univariate analysis were inputted to four models. Five machine learning (ML) versions, multivariate analysis, and radiologists’ subjective diagnostic performance were compared to evaluate diagnosis performance of all the traditional and advanced methods.

Results

The CT features with P < 0.1 were as follows: (1) CT attenuation value of unenhancement phase (CTU), (2) portal venous enhancement (CTV), (3) degree of enhancement in the portal venous phase (DEPP), (4) CT attenuation value of portal venous phase minus arterial phase (CTV-CTA), (5) enhanced potentiality (EP), (6) location, (7) contour, (8) growth pattern, (9) necrosis, (10) surface ulceration, (11) enlarged lymph node (LN). LR (M1), RF, DT, and GBDT models contained all of the above 11 variables, while LR (M2) was developed using six most predictive variables derived from (M1). LR (M2) model with AUC of 0.967 in test dataset was thought to be optimal model in differentiating the two tumors. Location in gastric body, exophytic and mixed growth pattern, lack of necrosis and surface ulceration, enlarged lymph nodes, and larger EP were the most important CT features suggestive of schwannomas.

Conclusion

LR (M2) provided the optimal diagnostic potency among other ML versions, multivariate analysis, and radiologists’ performance on differentiation of schwannomas from GISTs.

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Funding

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Author notes

  1. Jian Wang and Zongyu Xie have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Number 234, Road Gucui, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Jian Wang, Xiandi Zhu & Cui Zhang

  2. Department of Radiology, The First Affliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China

    Zongyu Xie

  3. Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China

    Zhongfeng Niu

  4. Jianpei Technology, Number 198, Road Qidi, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Hongli Ji, Linyang He & Qiuxiang Hu

Authors
  1. Jian Wang
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  2. Zongyu Xie
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  3. Xiandi Zhu
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  4. Zhongfeng Niu
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  5. Hongli Ji
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  8. Cui Zhang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cui Zhang.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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The study was approved by the institutional review board of TongDe Hospital of Zhejiang Province.

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Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.

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Wang, J., Xie, Z., Zhu, X. et al. Differentiation of gastric schwannomas from gastrointestinal stromal tumors by CT using machine learning. Abdom Radiol 46, 1773–1782 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-020-02797-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-020-02797-9

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