Abstract
A nitrogen-starving isolation strategy was developed for the first time to screen bacteria with high calcium-precipitating activity (CPA) for bioremediation of damage in porous media. Meanwhile, a novel mini-tube method based on the detection of insoluble Ca2+ was established to evaluate the CPA of the isolates. A low-nitrogen-demanding strain B6, identified as Bacillus sp., was screened to exhibit the highest CPA (55 mM insoluble Ca2+). Furthermore, the effects of environmental factors and nutrient availability on B6-induced calcium precipitation were evaluated. The results show that nitrate and starch are the best nitrogen source and carbon source with optimal concentration being 4 and 2 g L−1, respectively. The suitable pH range for B6 to precipitate calcium is from 8.5 to 10.5. B6 can maintain the highest CPA at an initial spore concentration of 1.0 × 108 spores·mL−1. The optimal CaO2 dosage is 10 g L−1. Finally, the calcite precipitation is confirmed by ESEM, EDS, and XRD analysis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Achal V, Mukherjee A, Basu PC, Reddy MS (2009) Strain improvement of Sporosarcina pasteurii for enhanced urease and calcite production. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 36(7):981–988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-009-0578-z
Alazhari M, Sharma T, Heath A, Cooper R, Paine K (2018) Application of expanded perlite encapsulated bacteria and growth media for self-healing concrete. Constr Build Mater 160:610–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.11.086
Barry C, Talaro KP (2017) Foundations in microbiology. McGraw-Hill Education
Boquet E, Boronat A, Ramos-Cormenzana A (1973) Production of calcite (calcium carbonate) crystals by soil bacteria is a general phenomenon. Nature 246(5434):527–529. https://doi.org/10.1038/246527a0
Broussolle V, Gauillard F, Nguyen-The C, Carlin F (2008) Diversity of spore germination in response to inosine and L-alanine and its interaction with NaCl and pH in the Bacillus cereus group. J Appl Microbiol 105(4):1081–1090. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03847.x
Caipo ML, Duffy S, Zhao L, Schaffner DW (2002) Bacillus megaterium spore germination is influenced by inoculum size. J Appl Microbiol 92(5):879–884. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01597.x
De Muynck W, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2010) Microbial carbonate precipitation in construction materials: a review. Ecol Eng 36(2):118–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.02.006
Dick J, De Windt W, De Graef B, Saveyn H, Van der Meeren P, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2006) Bio-deposition of a calcium carbonate layer on degraded limestone by Bacillus species. Biodegradation 17(4):357–367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-005-9006-x
Han NX, Xing F (2017) A comprehensive review of the study and development of microcapsule based self-resilience systems for concrete structures at Shenzhen University. Materials 10(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10010002
Han S, Choi EK, Park W, Yi C, Chung N (2019) Effectiveness of expanded clay as a bacteria carrier for self-healing concrete. Appl Biol Chem 62(1):19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13765-019-0426-4
Hogarth C, Ellar DJ (1978) Calcium accumulation during sporulation of Bacillus megaterium KM. Biochem J 176(1):197–203. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1760197
Horton HR, Moran LA, Ochs RS, Rawn JD, crimgeour KG (1993) Principles of biochemistry. Prentice-Hall, London
Hou W, Lian B, Zhang X (2011) CO2 mineralization induced by fungal nitrate assimilation. Bioresour Technol 102(2):1562–1566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.080
Hue NTM, Philippe D, Jean MPC, Patrick G (2010) Germination and inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores induced by moderate hydrostatic pressure. Biotechnol Bioeng 107(5):876–883. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22849
Jonkers HM, Thijssen A, Muyzer G, Copuroglu O, Schlangen E (2010) Application of bacteria as self-healing agent for the development of sustainable concrete. Ecol Eng 36(2):230–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.036
Karagöl F, Demirboğa R, Kaygusuz MA, Yadollahi MM, Polat R (2013) The influence of calcium nitrate as antifreeze admixture on the compressive strength of concrete exposed to low temperatures. Cold Reg Sci Technol 89:30–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2013.02.001
Kim O-S, Cho Y-J, Lee K, Yoon S-H, Kim M, Na H, Park S-C, Jeon YS, Lee J-H, Yi H, Won S, Chun J (2012) Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62(3):716–721. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.038075-0
Kumari C, Das B, Jayabalan R, Davis R, Sarkar P (2017) Effect of nonureolytic bacteria on engineering properties of cement mortar. J Mater Civ Eng 29(6):611–624. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001828
Lee BD, Apel WA, Walton MR (2006) Calcium carbonate formation by Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 8806 and Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 8807. Bioresour Technol 97(18):2427–2434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.09.028
Li H, Song Y, Li Q, He J, Song Y (2014) Effective microbial calcite precipitation by a new mutant and precipitating regulation of extracellular urease. Bioresour Technol 167:269–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.011
Loewenthal REMGVR (1976) Carbonate chemistry of aquatic systems: theory and application. Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Ann Arbor
Lu SG, Zhang X, Xue YF (2017) Application of calcium peroxide in water and soil treatment: a review. J Hazard Mater 337:163–177
Mohammed A, Sanjayan JG, Nazari A, Al-Saadi NTK (2018) The role of graphene oxide in limited long-term carbonation of cement-based matrix. Constr Build Mater 168:858–866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.082
Mondal S, Ghosh A (2018) Investigation into the optimal bacterial concentration for compressive strength enhancement of microbial concrete. Constr Build Mater 183:202–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.176
Mors RM, Jonkers HM (2017) Feasibility of lactate derivative based agent as additive for concrete for regain of crack water tightness by bacterial metabolism. Ind Crop Prod 106:97–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.10.037
Prabhu C, Wanjari S, Puri A, Bhattacharya A, Pujari R, Yadav R, Das S, Labhsetwar N, Sharma A, Satyanarayanan T, Rayalu S (2011) Region-specific bacterial carbonic anhydrase for biomimetic sequestration of carbon dioxide. Energy Fuels 25(3):1327–1332. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef101608r
Qian C, Chen H, Ren L, Luo M (2015) Self-healing of early age cracks in cement-based materials by mineralization of carbonic anhydrase microorganism. Front Microbiol 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01225
Qian C, Ren L, Xue B, Cao T (2016) Bio-mineralization on cement-based materials consuming CO2 from atmosphere. Constr Build Mater 106:126–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.105
Raja PB, Ismail M, Ghoreishiamiri S, Mirza J, Ismail MC, Kakooei S, Rahim AA (2016) Reviews on corrosion inhibitors: a short view. Chem Eng Commun 203(9):1145–1156. https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2016.1172485
Seifan M, Samani AK, Berenjian A (2017a) New insights into the role of pH and aeration in the bacterial production of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 101(8):3131–3142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-017-8109-8
Seifan M, Samani AK, Berenjian A (2017b) A novel approach to accelerate bacterially induced calcium carbonate precipitation using oxygen releasing compounds (ORCs). Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 12:299–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2017.10.021
Seifan M, Sarmah AK, Ebrahiminezhad A, Ghasemi Y, Samani AK, Berenjian A (2018) Bio-reinforced self-healing concrete using magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102(5):2167–2178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8782-2
Sorokin DY (2005) Is there a limit for high-pH life? Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55(4):1405–1406. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63737-0
Wang J, Dewanckele J, Cnudde V, Van Vlierberghe S, Verstraete W, De Belie N (2014) X-ray computed tomography proof of bacterial-based self-healing in concrete. Cem Concr Comp 53:289–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.07.014
Weatherburn MW, Logan JE, Allen RH (1968) Laboratory note the elevation of calcium values in the automated o-cresolphthalein complexone procedure by high concentrations of magnesium. Clin Biochem 2:159–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-9120(68)80071-2
Wei S, Cui H, Jiang Z, Liu H, He H, Fang N (2015) Biomineralization processes of calcite induced by bacteria isolated from marine sediments. Braz J Microbiol 46:455–464
Xu J, Wang X (2018) Self-healing of concrete cracks by use of bacteria-containing low alkali cementitious material. Constr Build Mater 167:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.020
Zhang JL, Wu RS, Li YM, Zhong JY, Deng X, Liu B, Han NX, Xing F (2016a) Screening of bacteria for self-healing of concrete cracks and optimization of the microbial calcium precipitation process. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100(15):6661–6670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7382-2
Zhang JL, Wang CG, Wang QL, Feng JL, Pan W, Zheng XC, Liu B, Han NX, Xing F, Deng X (2016b) A binary concrete crack self-healing system containing oxygen-releasing tablet and bacteria and its Ca2+-precipitation performance. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100(24):10295–10306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7741-z
Zhang JG, Liu YZ, Feng T, Zhou MJ, Zhao L, Zhou AJ, Li Z (2017a) Immobilizing bacteria in expanded perlite for the crack self-healing in concrete. Constr Build Mater 148:610–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.021
Zhang JL, Mai BX, Cai TW, Luo JY, Wu WH, Liu B, Han NX, Xing F, Deng X (2017b) Optimization of a binary concrete crack self-healing system containing bacteria and oxygen. Materials 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020116
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51508338, No. 51578339, No. 51120185002) and the Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province (No. 2017GKTSCX064).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, J., Xie, L., Huang, X. et al. Enhanced calcite precipitation for crack healing by bacteria isolated under low-nitrogen conditions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 103, 7971–7982 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10066-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10066-z