Abstract
The cell surface of Toxoplasma gondii is covered by antigens (SAGs) from the SRS family anchored by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and includes antigens from the SAG2 family. Among these, the SAG2A surface antigen shows great potential in activating humoral responses and has been used in characterizing the acute phase of infection and in the serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate rSAG2A-induced proteins in BALB/c and C57BL/c mice macrophages and to evaluate the phenotypic polarization induced in the process. We treated the peritoneal macrophages from mouse strains that were resistant or susceptible to T. gondii with rSAG2A to analyze their proteomic profile by mass spectrometry and systems biology. We also examined the gene expression of these cells by RT-qPCR using the phenotypic markers of M1 and M2 macrophages. Differences were observed in the expression of proteins involved in the inflammatory process in both resistant and susceptible cells, and macrophages were preferentially induced to obtain a pro-inflammatory immune response (M1) via the overexpression of IL-1β in mice susceptible to this parasite. These data suggest that the SAG2A antigen induces phenotypic and classical activation of macrophages in both resistant and susceptible strains of mice during the acute phase of the disease.
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Conceived and designed the experiments: JLS, JALS, and CPP. Performed the experiments: JALS, JLS, and TARS. Analyzed the data: JALS, JLS, TAOM, CPP, TWPM, JRM, and JPCJ. Contributed reagents/material/analysis tools: CPP, JLS, EMA, and TM. Wrote the paper: JALS, JLS, and CPP. All the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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The animals were bred and obtained from the Central Biotherium of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil, and all the animals were maintained under standard conditions according to the institutional guide to animal ethics approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the State University of Santa Cruz (protocol number 04/2011).
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Leal-Sena, J.A., dos Santos, J.L., dos Santos, T.A.R. et al. Toxoplasma gondii antigen SAG2A differentially modulates IL-1β expression in resistant and susceptible murine peritoneal cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102, 2235–2249 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8759-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8759-1