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Fungi from Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica) Soils and Marine Sediments

  • Fungal Microbiology
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Abstract

Extreme environments such as the Antarctic can lead to the discovery of new microbial taxa, as well as to new microbial-derived natural products. Considering that little is known yet about the diversity and the genetic resources present in these habitats, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the fungal communities from extreme environments collected at Aldmiralty Bay (Antarctica). A total of 891 and 226 isolates was obtained from soil and marine sediment samples, respectively. The most abundant isolates from soil samples were representatives of the genera Leucosporidium, Pseudogymnoascus, and a non-identified Ascomycota NIA6. Metschnikowia sp. was the most abundant taxon from marine samples, followed by isolates from the genera Penicillium and Pseudogymnoascus. Many of the genera were exclusive in marine sediment or terrestrial samples. However, representatives of eight genera were found in both types of samples. Data from non-metric multidimensional scaling showed that each sampling site is unique in their physical-chemical composition and fungal community. Biotechnological potential in relation to enzymatic production at low/moderate temperatures was also investigated. Ligninolytic enzymes were produced by few isolates from root-associated soil. Among the fungi isolated from marine sediments, 16 yeasts and nine fungi showed lipase activity and three yeasts and six filamentous fungi protease activity. The present study permitted increasing our knowledge on the diversity of fungi that inhabit the Antarctic, finding genera that have never been reported in this environment before and discovering putative new species of fungi.

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Funding

This paper was supported by grants financed by FAPESP (reference numbers: #2013/19486-0 and #2016/07957-7), and by scholarships financed by CAPES. LDS and AR thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for Productivity Fellowships 304103/2013-6 and 305341/2015-4. LDS thanks MICROSFERA project (PROANTAR/CNPq) for the support with sample collection.

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  1. Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av 24A, 1515, Rio Claro, 13506-900, SP, Brazil

    Lia Costa Pinto Wentzel, Fábio José Inforsato, Quimi Vidaurre Montoya, André Rodrigues & Lara Durães Sette

  2. Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Planejamento Territorial e Geoprocessamento, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida 24A, 1515, Rio Claro, 13506-900, SP, Brazil

    Bruna Gomes Rossin & Nadia Regina Nascimento

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  1. Lia Costa Pinto Wentzel
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Wentzel, L.C.P., Inforsato, F.J., Montoya, Q.V. et al. Fungi from Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica) Soils and Marine Sediments. Microb Ecol 77, 12–24 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-018-1217-x

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